Latest revision as of 04:47, 15 January 2024

twm (Tab Window Manager) is the standard window manager for the X Window System since version X11R4.

Prerequisites

Install Alpine Linux
Create a user account (optional but recommended)
Enable the Community repository
Install Xorg

Installation

In home directory create a file named ".xinitrc":

vi ~/.xinitrc

Or, if you prefer nano text editor

nano ~/.xinitrc

Write to file:

Contents of ~/.xinitrc

exec twm

Save the file.

Install twm

# apk add twm

If doing no further configuration, you will also need xterm to open apps:

# apk add xterm

Start the X window manager

startx

You will be greeted with a black screen. Hold left mouse button and select "XTerm". Type in a program name to launch it.

Keyboard layout

The keyboard layout defaults to US qwerty. If you use an alternative layout (e.g. Colemak) you can install setxkbmap:

# apk add setxkbmap

Then switch to another layout (example for colemak):

setxkbmap us -variant colemak

Customizing twm

twm can be extensively modified. The default system-wide default configuration file for twm is /usr/share/X11/twm/system.twmrc and the per-user configuration is ~/.twmrc. The user file completely overrides the system, so it's recommended to start modifications by copying the system-wide file to the per-user file.
Some very basic customizations which many users do are below:

Add basic alt+tab support

The following can be added to the config enable basic alt+tab support for rapidly switching windows to the front:

"Tab" = m : root|window|frame|title : f.circleup

Add maximize, and close buttons

First install some bitmaps for the buttons:

# apk add xbitmaps

Then edit the config file and add the following:

Function "maximize" { f.fullzoom f.focus f.nop }
RightTitleButton "icon"=f.function "maximize"
RightTitleButton "xlogo11"=f.delete

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:twm}}
 [[File:VirtualBox Alpine with twm.png|thumb|alt=A depiction of Alpine Linux interface with twm window manager|A depiction of Alpine Linux interface with twm window manager]]
 twm (Tab Window Manager) is the standard window manager for the X Window System since version X11R4.
+== Prerequisites ==
+* [[Installation|Install]] Alpine Linux
+* [[Setting_up_a_new_user#Creating_a_new_user|Create a user account]] (optional but recommended)
+* [[Repositories#Enabling_the_community_repository|Enable the Community repository]]
+* [[Alpine_setup_scripts#setup-xorg-base|Install Xorg]]
+{{clear}}
 = Installation =
-. Run
-{{Cmd|# setup-xorg-base}}
-. Type
-{{Cmd|# cd}}
-to go to home directory.
 In home directory create a file named ".xinitrc":
-{{Cmd|# vi .xinitrc}}
+{{Cmd|vi ~/.xinitrc}}
 Or, if you prefer nano text editor
-{{Cmd|# nano .xinitrc}}
+{{Cmd|nano ~/.xinitrc}}
-. Write to file:
+Write to file:
-{{Cmd|exec twm}}
+{{cat|~/.xinitrc|exec twm}}
 Save the file.
-. Install twm
+Install twm
-{{Cmd|# apk add twm}}
+{{Cmd|# apk add {{pkg|twm|arch=}}}}
-You will also need xterm to open apps:
+If doing no further configuration, you will also need xterm to open apps:
-{{Cmd|# apk add xterm}}
+{{Cmd|# apk add {{pkg|xterm|arch=}}}}
-. Start the X window manager
+Start the X window manager
-{{Cmd|# startx}}
+{{Cmd|startx}}
 You will be greeted with a black screen. Hold left mouse button and select "XTerm". Type in a program name to launch it.
 = Keyboard layout =
-Your keyboard layout will be back to US default. If you use an alternative layout (e.g. Colemak), that might be a problem.
+The keyboard layout defaults to US qwerty. If you use an alternative layout (e.g. Colemak) you can install setxkbmap:
+{{Cmd|# apk add {{pkg|setxkbmap|arch=}}}}
-To switch to another layout first install setxkbmap:
+Then switch to another layout (example for colemak):
-{{Cmd|# apk add setxkbmap}}
+{{Cmd|setxkbmap us -variant colemak}}
-Then switch to another layout (example for colemak):
+= Customizing twm =
-{{Cmd|# setxkbmap us -variant colemak}}
+twm can be extensively modified. The default system-wide default configuration file for twm is {{path|/usr/share/X11/twm/system.twmrc}} and the per-user configuration is {{path|~/.twmrc}}. The user file completely overrides the system, so it's recommended to start modifications by copying the system-wide file to the per-user file.<br>
+Some very basic customizations which many users do are below:
+==Add basic alt+tab support==
+The following can be added to the config enable basic alt+tab support for rapidly switching windows to the front:
+<pre>"Tab" = m : root|window|frame|title : f.circleup</pre>
+==Add maximize, and close buttons==
+First install some bitmaps for the buttons:
+{{cmd|# apk add {{pkg|xbitmaps|arch=}}}}
+Then edit the config file and add the following:
+<pre>
+Function "maximize" { f.fullzoom f.focus f.nop }
+RightTitleButton "icon"=f.function "maximize"
+RightTitleButton "xlogo11"=f.delete
+</pre>
+[[Category:Desktop]]
+[[Category:Window Managers]]