VLAN
 The information is outdated and is not suitable for systems using ifupdown-ng. Installing the vlan package may prevent your network from being configured correctly (Discuss) |
This article shows how to configure a network interface as an IEEE 802.1q VLAN trunk.
Installation
First, install the vlan package. This will give you support for VLANs in the /etc/network/interfaces file.
apk add vlan
Configuration
Edit the /etc/network/interfaces file:
auto eth0.8 iface eth0.8 inet static address 192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.0.1 vlan-raw-device eth0 vlan_id 8
With the vlan package installed, ifup will find the trailing .8 in eth0.8 and will create a VLAN interface with vid 8 over eth0.
Alternatively with vlan8 over eth0:
auto vlan8 iface vlan8 inet static address 192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.0.1 vlan-raw-device eth0
A static IP address was used in the examples shown above, but DHCP can be used as well.
Example with bridges associated with VLANs over bonding with differing MTUs on the various VLANs
This serves as an example of some of the more complicated networking possible. Particularly, this would work well for a hypervisor attached to a dedicated storage VLAN. Less complicated implementations can be achieved by merely removing the non-applicable parts.
auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto bond0 iface bond0 inet manual bond_slaves eth0 eth1 bond_mode 802.3ad bond_miimon 100 bond_xmit_hash_policy layer2+3 post-up ip link set dev bondi0 mtu 9000 iface bond0.1 auto br1 iface br1 address 192.168.1.196/24 gateway 192.168.1.1 bridge_ports bond0.1 bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0.0 post-up ip link set dev bond0.1 mtu 1500 iface bond0.10 inet manual auto br10 iface br10 inet static address 192.168.10.1/24 bridge_ports bond0.10 bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0.0
Example with two interfaces on the same adapter. One with VLAN and one without
Since Linux doesn't allow multiple default gateways we need to use a second routing table using iproute2
apk add iproute2
Then we'll add two new routing tables to the config file. One for each network
echo "1 rt1" >> /etc/iproute2/rt_tables;echo "2 rt2" >> /etc/iproute2/rt_tables;
Now we need to edit /etc/network/interfaces
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# the native interface without a VLAN (also called untagged)
auto eth0
iface eth0
address 192.168.1.100/24
gateway 192.168.1.1
post-up ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 src 192.168.1.100 table rt1
post-up ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 table rt1 # the actual gateway for this interface
post-up ip rule add from 192.168.1.100/32 table rt1
post-up ip rule add to 192.168.1.100/32 table rt1
# second interface with the vlan tag 5
auto eth0.5
iface eth0.5
address 192.168.5.100/24
post-up ip route add 192.168.5.0/24 dev eth0.5 src 192.168.5.100 table rt2
post-up ip route add default via 192.168.5.1 dev eth0.5 table rt2 # the actual gateway for this interface
post-up ip rule add from 192.168.5.100/32 table rt2
post-up ip rule add to 192.168.5.100/32 table rt2
Note that if you want to add a third interface this way, you'll have to add another routing table