User:John3-16/Compose key

Compose key

A compose key can be assigned to quickly produce certain characters from a keyboard, such as a letter with an accent such as é, or with a diacritic such as ç, or certain symbols and emojis such as ≥, ☺, etc. They could be composed within various applications, including various text editors, shells or certain other packages. For example, if one were to choose the <AltGr> key as the compose key in one's installation, depending on the configuration method chosen, one may obtain the character "é" by pressing the following three characters one after another:

<AltGr> + <'> + <e> = é

Other examples may include:

<AltGr> + <,> + <c> = ç
<AltGr> + <c> + <c> = č
<AltGr> + <1> + <2> = ½
<AltGr> + <=> + <E> = €
<AltGr> + <-> + <L> = £

Note also that you may need to "hold" the <Shift> key with the next character in order to produce some characters, depending on your keyboard layout. For example, on some keyboards where the colon appears over the semi-colon:

Hold<Shift>+<;> = :

Therefore, consider the following example:

<AltGr> + <:> + <)> = ☺

Depending on your layout, since additionally the left bracket (')) on some layouts is called by shifting the "zero" key, one may need to do as follows:

<AltGr> +  Hold<Shift>+<;> + Hold<Shift>+<0> = ☺

Note that under some environments, one may obtain an umlaut/diaeresis (¨) by employing the colon symbol (:). Alternatively, depending on your configuration, you may need to obtain the umlaut by using the double-quotes ("). For example:

<AltGr> + <"> + <a> = ä

Consider additionally that, depending on the keyboard configuration, double-quotes are sometimes composed as Hold<shift>+<'>. Therefore, depending on the keyboard configured, one might need to obtain that "ä" as follows:

<AltGr> + Hold<Shift>+<'> + <a> = ä

Consider a listing of combinations under Xorg.

Assign the compose key

Todo: Elaborate on alternative methods, including '''Xcompose'''; document assigning the compose key for all users. Contributors welcome.}}

Decide what compose key you will choose. Then, you may need to refer to it in the instructions below by its technical term, which may be listed here as follows:-

<LWIN> or <Left Windows> key a.k.a. the 'Windows' or 'Logo' key on the left: 'lwin'
<RWIN> or <Right Windows> key (it exists on some keyboards and is not to be confused with the 'Windows' key on the left): 'rwin'
<AltGr> key a.k.a. the <Alt> key on the right: 'ralt'
<Alt> key on the left: 'lalt'
<Menu> key a.k.a. the application key, typically used to open context menus, as when right-clicking from a mouse, displaying a right-click menu and pointer, often found between the <Right Alt> and <Right Control> keys (not to be confused with the the 'Logo'/'lwin' key): 'menu'
<Caps Lock> key: 'caps'
<Pause> key: 'paus'
<Print Scrn> key: 'prsc'
<Scroll Lock> key: 'sclk'
<Right Control> key: 'rctrl'
<Left Control> key: 'lctrl'

In desktop environments

If the desktop environment is installed via `setup-desktop`, one could seek to assign the compose key through could one of the desktop's 'Settings' modules and then, specifically, those relating to 'Keyboard' or similar:

Gnome

Activities (on toolbar) \ type the word "Settings" \ Settings icon \ Keyboard \ enable "Compose Key" \ select the Compose Key

XFCE

Applications \ Settings \ Settings Editor \  Channel "keyboard-layout" \ XkbOptions \ Compose \ type `compose:ralt` or otherwise for your preferred compose key

Mate

System \ Control Centre \ Keyboard \ Layout \ Options \ Position of Compose Key clcik on triangle \ Select your compose key

Sway

Check your input settings first:

$ swaymsg -t get_inputs

If your preferred compose key is not stated, then open your configuration file (`~/.config/sway/config`) with your preferred text editor, and in order to specify that the <AltGr> key/'right alt' key is your compose key, consider entering the following `xkb_options` line inside the `input "type:keyboard"` stanza, as follows (without the `[...]`):

input "type:keyboard" {
  [...]
  xkb_options compose:ralt
}

LXQt

Under XOrg:

Consider following the passage below for 'XOrg window sessions', installing setxkbmap first, and then applying the autostart instruction by going to:

Preferences \ LXQt Settings \ Session Settings \ Autostart \ Add

Add a line with your chosen compose key setting, such as:

/usr/bin/setxkbmap -option compose:ralt &

Under Wayland:

Consider applying the guide below, Under Wayland

If the Plasma desktop environment is installed:

Plasma

System Settings \ Hardware \ Input Devices \ Keyboard \ Advanced \ tick "Configure keyboard options" \ tick "Position of Compose key" \ tick selection

The desktop environment's man pages] may give more detailed configurations for the compose key. The following section may also be additionally be useful e.g. where one drops into a tty environment or when switching into a different window manager/compositor than those listed above.

Without set desktop environments

From the following examples, consider the model where the <AltGr> key ('ralt' key) could be assigned for the user only. If a different key is preferred, consider substituting with the key's technical term listed above.

Under XOrg

There are various methods. Consider installing setxkbmap.

$ doas apk add setxkbmap

For XOrg window sessions:

In your window manager's autostart file, consider entering the following:

/usr/bin/setxkbmap -option compose:ralt &

If there is no austostart file, consider adding that instruction in ~/.xinitrc before the last line(s) being used to launch any window session.

That instruction can also be entered from a shell in order to assign the compose key so as to be in effect only during the login session.

For tty/windowless sessions:

The same setxkbmap instruction could be used at the tty.

To autostart this setting for future sessions:-

Consider adding it to a session autostart file; or

If there is no autostart file, consider adding it, as proposed directly above for XOrg window sessions, to ~/.xinitrc; or

If there is no ~/.xinitrc, consider executing the following:

Create the file (adding the line to ~/.profile instead may be poor practice);

touch ~/.xinitrc

Make ~/.xinitrc executable and read-and-write only by the user:

doas chmod 700 ~/.xinitrc

Then, add the setxkbmap command as indicated above.

Further documentation:

man xkeyboard-config

Under Wayland

Consider various approaches; Sway's method suggested above could be considered first for that compositor.

Option with ~/.profile

Open the file (creating the file first if it doesn't exist), and consider adding:

export XKB_DEFAULT_OPTIONS="compose:ralt"

A list of compose sequences available depend on your keyboard locale.

Further references for this X Keyboard Extension (XKB) include:-

Option using gsettings

Install gsettings-desktop-schemas, if not currently installed:

$ doas apk install gsettings-desktop-schemas