Installation: Difference between revisions
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This is a simple and quick reference list, nowadays any hardware is supported for Alpine Linux: | This is a simple and quick reference list, nowadays any hardware is supported for Alpine Linux: | ||
* At least 128 | * At least 128 Megs of RAM for server without graphical GUI, or at least 1.6 Gigs for graphical desktop | ||
* At least | * At least 1 Gigs storage device for server without graphical GUI, or at least 10 Gigs for graphical desktop with web browsing | ||
Highly '''recommended | Highly '''recommended if you do not have great knowledge, to read [[Requirements|wiki page for requirements]]''': [[Requirements]]! | ||
= Installation Overview = | = Installation Overview = | ||
If you have special or different requirements please check [[Category:Installation|Installation Category]] wiki pages. | |||
== Download the media source == | == 1. Download the media source == | ||
'''Just grab from [http://alpinelinux.org/downloads stable-release ISO image]''' | '''Just grab from [http://alpinelinux.org/downloads stable-release ISO image]'''. Take note of architectures in green buttons. | ||
== 2. Dump, burn or flash the image == | |||
'''Dump the ISO image onto a media source like USB/SD flashing; or CD/DVD/BR disk with burning''' software. For more detailed on this topic check [[Installation#Additional Details| Additional Details section]] | |||
== | == 3. Boot and install process == | ||
'''Log-in as the user <code>root</code> with its initially empty password. Then execute the script called <code>[[Alpine_setup_scripts#setup-alpine|setup-alpine]]</code>''' | |||
'''Log-in as the user <code>root</code> with its initially empty password | |||
=== <code>setup-alpine</code> program === | === <code>setup-alpine</code> program === | ||
The <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code> script offers to configure pre-install setup, here you can perform that questions and hit ''enter'' on each answer: | The <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code> script offers to configure pre-install setup and isntall process, here you can perform that questions and hit ''enter'' on each answer: | ||
* '''1. Keyboard map''': Let you to perform the keyborad layout, this is really two cuestions: | * '''1. Keyboard map''': Let you to perform the keyborad layout, this is really two cuestions: | ||
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* '''9. Runtime Mode''' (Select between "diskless" (disk=none), "data" or "sys") | * '''9. Runtime Mode''' (Select between "diskless" (disk=none), "data" or "sys") | ||
== | == 4. Rebooting to the new system == | ||
After the installation is completed, the system may be power-cycled or rebooted to confirm that everything is working. | After the installation is completed, the system may be power-cycled or rebooted to confirm that everything is working. | ||
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== Additional Details == | == Additional Details == | ||
{{Box BLUE|'''1. About Media download of image sources:'''|Take note of the "architecture" namestring in each green button. Most common cases just download '''x86''' or '''x86_64''' types.. for further information check [[Requirements#Architectures|Architectures section]] and then [[Requirements#Media|Media Downloadable section]] of requirements wiki page. Optionally you can perform a '''''sha256'' checksum''' as described in [[Requirements#Checksum|Checksum section of Requirements]] wiki page but is not necessary in general cases.}} | |||
{{Box BLUE|'''2. About Media sources to dump image sources:'''|This depends of your hardware, for some like ARM or PowerPC you could check [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#Ways_to_install_Alpine_listed_by_architectures|Ways_to_install_Alpine_listed_by_architectures]] wiki page if you have special cases like ARM, PPC or s390 machines.}} | |||
{{Box BLUE|'''3. About boot install process:'''|The boot process depends on each computer device, mostly need to specify wicht device to boot, for that check [[Requirements#Booting|Booting section]] wiki page. Boot process copies the entire system into the RAM memory, and then runs it completely from RAM, so that the started command line environment does not depend on reading from the (slow) initial boot media anymore. After that a prompt for "login" are displayed, input the "root" as user and just enter. So there's no need to ask for password at first boot. Then the script called <code>[[Alpine_setup_scripts#setup-alpine|setup-alpine]]</code>, can be used to configure the pre-install and installation, next section will explain each question.}} | |||
However... as mentioned, even though it is not installed on your device it is working as if it were, all the [[Alpine_setup_scripts|setup-scripts]] inclusively the [[Alpine_Linux_package_management|apk package manager]] are available to direct use, and all the general command line tools of course to install further packages. All of this are from the media you boot, this mode is called "diskless mode", for further information check [[Alpine_setup_scripts#Setup_modes|Setup_modes section]] for "alpine running modes". | However... as mentioned, even though it is not installed on your device it is working as if it were, all the [[Alpine_setup_scripts|setup-scripts]] inclusively the [[Alpine_Linux_package_management|apk package manager]] are available to direct use, and all the general command line tools of course to install further packages. All of this are from the media you boot, this mode is called "diskless mode", for further information check [[Alpine_setup_scripts#Setup_modes|Setup_modes section]] for "alpine running modes". | ||
Revision as of 20:22, 12 July 2020
Alpine Linux are already installed in your media dumped, it means downloadble media files of Alpine Linux are already the system ready to use directly from the media where are dumped!
Quick Requirements
This is a simple and quick reference list, nowadays any hardware is supported for Alpine Linux:
- At least 128 Megs of RAM for server without graphical GUI, or at least 1.6 Gigs for graphical desktop
- At least 1 Gigs storage device for server without graphical GUI, or at least 10 Gigs for graphical desktop with web browsing
Highly recommended if you do not have great knowledge, to read wiki page for requirements: Requirements!
Installation Overview
If you have special or different requirements please check wiki pages.
1. Download the media source
Just grab from stable-release ISO image. Take note of architectures in green buttons.
2. Dump, burn or flash the image
Dump the ISO image onto a media source like USB/SD flashing; or CD/DVD/BR disk with burning software. For more detailed on this topic check Additional Details section
3. Boot and install process
Log-in as the user root with its initially empty password. Then execute the script called setup-alpine
setup-alpine program
The setup-alpine script offers to configure pre-install setup and isntall process, here you can perform that questions and hit enter on each answer:
- 1. Keyboard map: Let you to perform the keyborad layout, this is really two cuestions:
- The first ante the general map: e.g. us or es
- And second the variant of e.g. us-nodeadkeys or es-winkeys respectively
- 2. Hostname this is the name of computer, mostly knowed as the human name, in Linux this are default to "localhost" if not configured.
- 3 Network (e.g. automatic DHCP IP address discovery)
- 4. DNS Servers
- 5. Timezone
- 6. Proxy ("None" for direct connections to the internet.)
- 7. SSH (Openssh is part of the default images.)
- 8. NTP (Chrony is part of the default images.)
- 9. Runtime Mode (Select between "diskless" (disk=none), "data" or "sys")
4. Rebooting to the new system
After the installation is completed, the system may be power-cycled or rebooted to confirm that everything is working.
- If the configured runtime mode was "sys", then remove the initial installation media to boot the newly installed system.
- If the configured runtime mode was "data", then keep installation media to boot the newly installed system.
The relevant commands for this are reboot or poweroff, after exits from setup-alpine process.
Additional Details
1. About Media download of image sources: Take note of the "architecture" namestring in each green button. Most common cases just download x86 or x86_64 types.. for further information check Architectures section and then Media Downloadable section of requirements wiki page. Optionally you can perform a sha256 checksum as described in Checksum section of Requirements wiki page but is not necessary in general cases.
2. About Media sources to dump image sources: This depends of your hardware, for some like ARM or PowerPC you could check Ways_to_install_Alpine_listed_by_architectures wiki page if you have special cases like ARM, PPC or s390 machines.
3. About boot install process: The boot process depends on each computer device, mostly need to specify wicht device to boot, for that check Booting section wiki page. Boot process copies the entire system into the RAM memory, and then runs it completely from RAM, so that the started command line environment does not depend on reading from the (slow) initial boot media anymore. After that a prompt for "login" are displayed, input the "root" as user and just enter. So there's no need to ask for password at first boot. Then the script called
setup-alpine, can be used to configure the pre-install and installation, next section will explain each question.However... as mentioned, even though it is not installed on your device it is working as if it were, all the setup-scripts inclusively the apk package manager are available to direct use, and all the general command line tools of course to install further packages. All of this are from the media you boot, this mode is called "diskless mode", for further information check Setup_modes section for "alpine running modes".
CLARIFICATIONS about media sources: What is understood as "installing" in reality is to be able to have this installation root on another storage media and make it bootable by the device that handles it. All the media Alpine images are already Alpine running live systems, check
Further Documentation
Installing
- Directly booting an ISO file (without flashing it to a disk or device)
- Setting up Networking (incl. non-standard configurations)
Post-Install
- Enable Community Repository (Providing additional packages)
- Package Management (apk) (general search/add/del packages etc.)
setup-xorg-base(display graphics, if required)
- Local backup utility
lbu(persisting RAM system configurations)- Back Up a Flash Memory Installation ("diskless mode" systems)
- Manually_editing_a_existing_apkovl (the stored custom configs)
- Init System (OpenRC) (Configure a service to automatically boot at next reboot)
- Hosting services on Alpine (Links to several mail/web/ssh server setup pages)
- Runnig programs and services in their own Firejail Security Sandbox
- Upgrading Alpine (checking for and installing updates)
- How_to_make_a_custom_ISO_image_with_mkimage
Further Help and Information
- Running glibc programs (Installation and development)
- How to Contribute
- Developer Documentation
- Wiki etiquette to collaborate on this documentation
Tip: Alpine linux packages stay close to the upstream design. Therefore, all upstream documentation about configuring a software package, as well as good configuration guides from other distributions that stay close to upstream, like e.g. in the Arch Wiki, are to a large degree also well applicable to configure the software on alpine linux, thus can be very useful.
See Also
There may still be something useful to find and sort out of the newbie's install notes in this wiki, moving godd things into the structured handbook style documentation.