KDE: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 10:34, 12 August 2024

Plasma is the desktop environment from KDE, a software project comprising of a collection of libraries known as KDE Frameworks, and several applications known as KDE Applications. Their UserBase wiki has detailed information about most KDE Applications.

Note: the plasma-desktop-meta package isn't available for the ppc64le, s390x, armhf, or riscv64 architectures due to the kdeplasma-addons dependency not being available there. However, the rest of Plasma may be installed separately to potentially get a functional desktop.

Note: Before installing any desktop,

Create a non-privileged user account for security reasons, if you skipped this step during Installation.
Enable community repository. Setup-desktop script automatically does this for you.
Install graphics driver for your video hardware.

Installation using setup-desktop

The Alpine Linux script for setting up a desktop quickly is setup-desktop.

# setup-desktop

On running the above command, you will be prompted to select a desktop environment.

Which desktop environment? ('gnome', 'plasma', 'xfce', 'mate', 'sway' or 'none') [none]

Once you have chosen a desktop environment, this script installs the chosen desktop along with all the necessary packages, firefox browser and adds the necessary services to run on startup. You can reboot when complete and the system will boot into a graphical login screen with the desktop environment. Depending on the desktop chosen, the script also activates the necessary services like dbus, elogind, login manager etc..

To view all the packages that are installed by the script for the chosen desktop you can issue the below command:

# cat /sbin/setup-desktop

When Plasma is chosen, the above utility also installs Pipewire for audio and SDDM as display manager.

Manual Installation

Prerequisites

For users interested in Xorg as opposed to Wayland, install the Xorg base packages
Install and configure D-Bus
Install and configure Elogind
Wayland users: Install package xf86-input-libinput

The following command will install the Plasma desktop as specified by the plasma metapackage, including the sddm display manager and other assorted niceties.

# apk add plasma-desktop-meta

Setting up eudev on a desktop system is recommended:

# setup-devd udev

For more details and advanced instructions see Device Manager.

Note: polkit and udev are optional services for authentication and device management respectively. While KDE will function without these services enabled, some functionality may be missing or incomplete.

KDE Applications

To install the full set of KDE Applications, install kde-applications. You can also choose to install a smaller set of applications by installing any of the subpackages:

Note: Most of these are not available on ppc64le or s390x.

Starting Plasma

Plasma can be started using a display manager or from the console.

Using a display manager

When Plasma is installed via the plasma meta-package, the display manager is set up using sddm.

Make sure you enable and start the SDDM service.

rc-update add sddm rc-service sddm start

Select Plasma to launch a new session in Wayland
Select Plasma (X11) to launch a new session in Xorg

From the console

The Xorg session can be launched by installing xinit and appending exec startplasma-x11 to your .xinitrc file. To start X:

xinit

For the Wayland session run

XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland dbus-run-session startplasma-wayland

Troubleshooting

HiDPI Scaling

When using high resolution screens, e.g. 4K, you might need to apply scaling so the fonts and windows are not too small.

In order to achieve this you can open Settings -> Display and Monitor and change the slider under Global Scale to an appropriate value.

You can also change the mouse cursor and icon size under Settings -> Appearance.

If your taskbar and window decorations are still too small, you might want to create the file ~/.xprofile to define the PLASMA_USE_QT_SCALING environment variable:

export PLASMA_USE_QT_SCALING=1

After creating this file, you may need to restart your session to apply this modification.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{TOC right}}
+[[File:KDEScreenshot.png |thumb |KDE Plasma screenshot.]]
-KDE is a software project comprising a desktop environment known as Plasma, a collection of libraries and frameworks known as KDE Frameworks, and several applications known as KDE Applications. Their [https://userbase.kde.org/Welcome_to_KDE_UserBase UserBase wiki] has detailed information about most KDE Applications.
+[https://kde.org/plasma-desktop/ Plasma] is the desktop environment from [https://kde.org/ KDE], a software project comprising of a collection of libraries known as [https://develop.kde.org/products/frameworks/ KDE Frameworks], and several applications known as [https://apps.kde.org/ KDE Applications]. Their [https://userbase.kde.org/Welcome_to_KDE_UserBase UserBase wiki] has detailed information about most KDE Applications.
-Note that Plasma isn't available for the <code>ppc64le</code> and <code>s390x</code> architectures due to the {{Pkg|qt5-qtwebengine}} dependency not being available there. KDE Frameworks however is and so are several KDE Applications.
+{{Note|the {{Pkg|plasma-desktop-meta|arch=}} package isn't available for the <code>ppc64le</code>, <code>s390x</code>, <code>armhf</code>, or <code>riscv64</code> architectures due to the {{Pkg|kdeplasma-addons|arch=}} dependency not being available there. However, the rest of Plasma may be installed separately to potentially get a functional desktop.}}
+<br>
-= Installation =
+{{:Include:Setup-desktop}}
-=== Plasma ===
+When Plasma is chosen, the above utility also installs [[PipeWire|Pipewire]] for audio and [[SDDM]] as display manager.
-Before installation, make sure Xorg is setup.
+== Manual Installation ==
-{{Cmd|setup-xorg-base}}
-Install the {{Pkg|plasma}} meta-package. This will install the required Plasma packages and {{Pkg|sddm}} and pre-configure it to use the Breeze theme. Alternatively a more minimal installation can be done by installing {{Pkg|plasma-desktop}}.
+=== Prerequisites ===
-=== KDE Applications ===
+* For users interested in Xorg as opposed to Wayland, install the [[Alpine_setup_scripts#setup-xorg-base|Xorg base packages]]
+* [[D-Bus#Installation|Install and configure D-Bus]]
+* [[Elogind#Installation|Install and configure Elogind]]
+* Wayland users: Install package {{pkg|xf86-input-libinput|arch=}}
-To install the full set of KDE Applications, install {{Pkg|kde-applications}}. You can also choose to install a more limited set of applications by installing any of the subpackages:
+The following command will install the Plasma desktop as specified by the plasma metapackage, including the {{Pkg|sddm|arch=}} display manager and other assorted niceties.
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-accessibility}}
+{{Cmd|# apk add {{pkg|plasma-desktop-meta|arch=}}}}
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-admin}}
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-base}}
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-edu}}, not available for <code>ppc64le</code> and <code>s390x</code>
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-games}}
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-graphics}}
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-multimedia}}
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-network}}, not available for <code>ppc64le</code> and <code>s390x</code>
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-pim}}, not available for <code>ppc64le</code> and <code>s390x</code>
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-sdk}}
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-utils}}
-* {{Pkg|kde-applications-webdev}}
-= Starting Plasma =
+{{:Include:Setup_Device_Manager}}
+{{Note|'''polkit''' and '''udev''' are optional services for authentication and device management respectively. While KDE will function without these services enabled, some functionality may be missing or incomplete.}}
+<br>
+== KDE Applications ==
+To install the full set of KDE Applications, install {{Pkg|kde-applications}}. You can also choose to install a smaller set of applications by installing any of the subpackages:
+{{Note|Most of these are not available on <code>ppc64le</code> or <code>s390x</code>.}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-accessibility|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-admin|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-base|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-edu|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-games|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-graphics|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-multimedia|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-network|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-pim|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-sdk|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-utils|arch=}}
+* {{Pkg|kde-applications-webdev|arch=}}
+<br>
+== Starting Plasma ==
 Plasma can be started using a display manager or from the console.
@@ Line 37: / Line 55: @@
 === Using a display manager ===
-When Plasma is installed via the {{Pkg|plasma}} meta-package, this has already been setup using {{Pkg|sddm}}.
+When Plasma is installed via the plasma meta-package, the display manager is set up using sddm.
+Make sure you enable and start the SDDM service.
+{{Cmd|rc-update add sddm
+rc-service sddm start
+}}
-* Select ''Plasma'' to launch a new session in Xorg
+* Select ''Plasma'' to launch a new session in Wayland
-* Select ''Plasma (Wayland)'' to launch a new session in Wayland
+* Select ''Plasma (X11)'' to launch a new session in Xorg
 === From the console ===
-The Xorg session can be launched by installing {{Pkg|xinit}} and appending <code>exec startkde</code> to your <code>.xinitrc</code> file. Then just start X.
+The Xorg session can be launched by installing {{Pkg|xinit|arch=}} and appending <code>exec startplasma-x11</code> to your <code>.xinitrc</code> file. To start X:
 {{Cmd|xinit}}
 For the Wayland session run
-<pre>
+{{Cmd|XDG_SESSION_TYPE{{=}}wayland dbus-run-session startplasma-wayland}}
-XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland dbus-run-session startplasmacompositor
-</pre>
+<br>
+== Troubleshooting ==
+=== HiDPI Scaling ===
+When using high resolution screens, e.g. 4K, you might need to apply scaling so the fonts and windows are not too small.
+In order to achieve this you can open <code>Settings -> Display and Monitor</code> and change the slider under ''Global Scale'' to an appropriate value.
+You can also change the mouse cursor and icon size under <code>Settings -> Appearance</code>.
+If your taskbar and window decorations are still too small, you might want to create the file {{path|~/.xprofile}} to define the ''PLASMA_USE_QT_SCALING'' environment variable:
+{{Cmd|export PLASMA_USE_QT_SCALING{{=}}1}}
+After creating this file, you may need to restart your session to apply this modification.
+== See also ==
+* [[Installation#Post-Installation|Post installation]]
+* [[Flatpak]]
+* [https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/KDE KDE - Archwiki]
-[[category:Desktop]]
+[[Category:Desktop]]
+[[Category:Desktop Environments]]
+[[Category:Wayland]]