Flatpak: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 23:15, 28 February 2024

Flatpak is a technology for building and distributing applications with the goal of having a universal package format for all Linux distributions, it is similar to Snap,

Setup / Installation

Runtime dependencies

dbus
polkit
xdg-desktop-portal
an implementation of xdg-desktop-portal, e.g. xdg-desktop-portal-gtk

Note: If you are running a window manager from .xinitrc, make sure you are running a dbus session explicitly, i.e.:

# exec dbus-launch --exit-with-session your_favourite_wm

Installing Flatpak Itself

From: https://flatpak.org/setup/Alpine/

Note: To install Flatpak you will need to enable the Community repository, See: Repositories - Managing repositories

To install Flatpak run:

# apk add flatpak

Next you need to add a repository, for this guide we will use the recommended repository, Flathub.

$ flatpak remote-add --user --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo

Flatpak is now ready to use immediately, however flatpak desktop entries will not appear until you restart your desktop session (i.e. by logging out and then logging back in)

Usage

To get all of the available options to use with the flatpak command run: flatpak --help or flatpak -h,

Search

To search for applications run flatpak --user search <appplicationname>

Example:

~$ flatpak --user search chromium Name Description Application ID Version Branch Remotes Chromium Web Browser The web browser from Chromium project org.chromium.Chromium 96.0.4664.93 stable flathub Chromium B.S.U. Fast paced, arcade-style, top-scrolling space shooter net.sourceforge.chromium-bsu 0.9.16.1 stable flathub ungoogled-chromium A lightweight approach to removing Google web service dependency com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium 96.0.4664.45 stable flathub

Install

To install a package run flatpak --user install <applicationname>

~$ flatpak --user install com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium Looking for matches… com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium permissions: ipc network cups pulseaudio wayland x11 devices file access [1] dbus access [2] bus ownership [3] system dbus access [4] [1] /run/.heim_org.h5l.kcm-socket, home, xdg-run/pipewire-0 [2] org.freedesktop.FileManager1, org.freedesktop.Notifications, org.freedesktop.secrets, org.gnome.SessionManager [3] org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.chromium.* [4] org.freedesktop.Avahi, org.freedesktop.UPower ID Branch Op Remote Download 1. com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium.Codecs stable i flathub < 1.1 MB 2. com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium.Locale stable i flathub < 112.8 kB 3. com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium stable i flathub < 119.0 MB Proceed with these changes to the system installation? [Y/n]:

or if you don't know or don't want to type the exact package name:

~$ flatpak --user install chromium Looking for matches… Similar refs found for ‘chromium’ in remote ‘flathub’ (system): 1) app/net.sourceforge.chromium-bsu/x86_64/stable 2) runtime/com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium.Codecs/x86_64/stable 3) runtime/org.chromium.Chromium.Codecs/x86_64/stable 4) app/org.chromium.Chromium/x86_64/stable 5) app/com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium/x86_64/stable Which do you want to use (0 to abort)? [0-5]:

Remove

To remove a package run: flatpak --user remove <applicationname>

~$ flatpak --user remove com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium ID Branch Op 1. com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium stable r 2. com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium.Codecs stable r 3. com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium.Locale stable r Proceed with these changes to the system installation? [Y/n]:

or if you don't know or don't want to type the exact package name:

~$ flatpak --user remove chromium Similar installed refs found for ‘chromium’: 1) app/com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium/x86_64/stable (system) 2) runtime/com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium.Codecs/x86_64/stable (system) 3) All of the above Which do you want to use (0 to abort)? [0-3]:

Developers

Flatpak - available runtimes

These are all hosted on Flathub.org.

Troubleshooting

This material is work-in-progress ...

More documentation and testing is needed, but everything currently here should be safe to follow.
(Last edited by Ncrav on 28 Feb 2024.)

Permission errors

If you receive errors about permissions then you may need to add your user to the flatpak group.

Note: You need to log out and log back in or reboot for the group change(s) to take effect

Application launch errors

If the application is not starting try running it with

flatpak run the.application.name

on a terminal. If this yields an a dbus error starting with Failed to connect to session bus then you might solve this by adding

export $(dbus-launch)

in /etc/profile.

Fixing audio issues

If you have a minimal setup and don't have access to audio devices you will need to set the XDG_RUNTIME_DIR variable. Save the following script in /etc/profile.d/xdg_runtime_dir.sh and re-login to have it set up properly.

if test -z "${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}"; then
  export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/tmp/$(id -u)
fi

When you launch a Flatpak you will need to start pulseaudio as well:

$ pulseaudio --start && flatpak run com.example.Example

Unable to upload files

If you are unable to upload files from the host, this maybe due to Flatpak sandbox and you may have to manually add the authorization.

This can be done with the following commands:

$ flatpak override ApplicationID --filesystem=/home/user/Downloads

Where ApplicationID is given by:

$ flatpak list

For example:

$ flatpak override org.signal.Signal --filesystem=/home/user/Downloads

Error while opening repository

There is a current issue where sometimes flatpak will try to read the system-wide repository even if your install is with --user. This will result in failure to launch a flatpak application with the terminal reading ""error: While opening repository /var/lib/flatpak/repo: opening repo: opendir(/var/lib/flatpak/repo): No such file or directory". An alpine user has posted more information, as well as a workaround, at https://github.com/flatpak/flatpak/issues/5488

Links

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Draft|More documentation and testing is needed, but everything currently here should be safe to follow.}}
+Flatpak is a technology for building and distributing applications with the goal of having a universal package format for all Linux distributions, it is similar to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snap_(software) Snap],
-Flatpak is a technology for building and distributing applications with the goal of having a universal package format for all Linux distributons, it is similar to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snappy_(package_manager) Snap],
+== Setup / Installation ==
-= Setup / Installation =
+=== Runtime dependencies ===
-''From: https://flatpak.org/setup/Alpine/''
+* {{Pkg|dbus}}
+* {{Pkg|polkit}}
+* {{Pkg|xdg-desktop-portal}}
+* an implementation of <code>xdg-desktop-portal</code>, e.g. {{Pkg|xdg-desktop-portal-gtk}}
-To install Flatpak you will need to enable the  Community repository, See: [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Post_installation#Repositories Post Installation - Repositories]
+{{Note|If you are running a window manager from {{Path|.xinitrc}}, make sure you are running a <code>dbus</code> session explicitly, i.e.:
-To install Flatpak run:
+{{Cmd|# exec dbus-launch --exit-with-session your_favourite_wm}}}}
-{{cmd|# apk add flatpak}}
+=== Installing Flatpak Itself ===
-It's recommended to run flatpak as your user, rather than as root. Therefore, add your user to the flatpak group:
+''From: https://flatpak.org/setup/Alpine/''
-{{cmd|# adduser <YourUsername> flatpak}}
+{{Note|To install Flatpak you will need to enable the  Community repository, See: [[Repositories#Managing_repositories|Repositories - Managing repositories]]}}
-Next you need to add a repository, for this guide we will use the recommended repository, [https://flathub.org Flathub].
+To install Flatpak run:
-{{cmd|flatpak remote-add --user --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo}}
+{{cmd|# apk add {{Pkg|flatpak}}}}
-Now reboot to complete setup
+Next you need to add a repository, for this guide we will use the recommended repository, [https://flathub.org Flathub].
-{{Note|graphical installation of Flatpak apps may not be possible with Alpine.}}
+{{cmd|$ flatpak remote-add --user --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo}}
-<br>
+Flatpak is now ready to use immediately, however flatpak desktop entries will not appear until you restart your desktop session (i.e. by logging out and then logging back in)
-= Usage =
+== Usage ==
 To get all of the available options to use with the '''flatpak''' command run: '''flatpak --help''' or '''flatpak -h''',
-<br>
-==== Search ====
+=== Search ===
-To search for applications run '''flatpak search <appplicationname>'''
+To search for applications run '''flatpak --user search <appplicationname>'''
 Example:
-{{cat|flatpak search chromium|Name                   Description                                                        Application ID                        Version       Branch  Remotes
+<p style="background-color:#f9f9f9; border:1px dashed #2f6fab; line-height:1.1em; padding:1em; font-family:monospace; font-size:10pt; white-space:pre; overflow:auto;"><span style="color:green;">~</span>'''$''' flatpak --user search chromium
+Name                   Description                                                        Application ID                        Version       Branch  Remotes
 Chromium Web Browser   The web browser from Chromium project                              org.chromium.Chromium                 96.0.4664.93  stable  flathub
 Chromium B.S.U.        Fast paced, arcade-style, top-scrolling space shooter              net.sourceforge.chromium-bsu          0.9.16.1      stable  flathub
-ungoogled-chromium     A lightweight approach to removing Google web service dependency   com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium  96.0.4664.45  stable  flathub}}
+ungoogled-chromium     A lightweight approach to removing Google web service dependency   com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium  96.0.4664.45  stable  flathub
+</p>
 <br>
-==== Install ====
+=== Install ===
-To install a package run '''flatpak install <applicationname>'''
+To install a package run '''flatpak --user install <applicationname>'''
-{{cat|$ flatpak install com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium|Looking for matches…
+<p style="background-color:#f9f9f9; border:1px dashed #2f6fab; line-height:1.1em; padding:1em; font-family:monospace; font-size:10pt; white-space:pre; overflow:auto;"><span style="color:green;">~</span>'''$''' flatpak --user install com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium
+Looking for matches…
 com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium permissions:
@@ Line 67: / Line 75: @@
 .     com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium                    stable             i             flathub            < 119.0 MB
-Proceed with these changes to the system installation? [Y/n]:}}
+Proceed with these changes to the system installation? [Y/n]:
+</p>
-or if you dont know or dont want to type the exact package name:
+or if you don't know or don't want to type the exact package name:
-{{cat|$ flatpak install chromium|Looking for matches…
+<p style="background-color:#f9f9f9; border:1px dashed #2f6fab; line-height:1.1em; padding:1em; font-family:monospace; font-size:10pt; white-space:pre; overflow:auto;"><span style="color:green;">~</span>'''$''' flatpak --user install chromium
+Looking for matches…
 Similar refs found for ‘chromium’ in remote ‘flathub’ (system):
@@ Line 80: / Line 91: @@
 ) app/com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium/x86_64/stable
-Which do you want to use (0 to abort)? [0-5]:}}
+Which do you want to use (0 to abort)? [0-5]:
+</p>
-<br>
-==== Remove ====
+=== Remove ===
-To remove a package run: '''flatpak remove <applicationname>'''
+To remove a package run: '''flatpak --user remove <applicationname>'''
-{{cat|$ flatpak remove com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium|
+<p style="background-color:#f9f9f9; border:1px dashed #2f6fab; line-height:1.1em; padding:1em; font-family:monospace; font-size:10pt; white-space:pre; overflow:auto;"><span style="color:green;">~</span>'''$''' flatpak --user remove com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium
          ID                                                     Branch           Op
@@ Line 95: / Line 106: @@
 .     com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium.Locale            stable           r
-Proceed with these changes to the system installation? [Y/n]:}}
+Proceed with these changes to the system installation? [Y/n]:
+</p>
-or if you dont know or dont want to type the exact package name:
-{{cat|$ flatpak remove chromium|Similar installed refs found for ‘chromium’:
+or if you don't know or don't want to type the exact package name:
+<p style="background-color:#f9f9f9; border:1px dashed #2f6fab; line-height:1.1em; padding:1em; font-family:monospace; font-size:10pt; white-space:pre; overflow:auto;"><span style="color:green;">~</span>'''$''' flatpak --user remove chromium
+Similar installed refs found for ‘chromium’:
 ) app/com.github.Eloston.UngoogledChromium/x86_64/stable (system)
@@ Line 105: / Line 120: @@
 ) All of the above
-Which do you want to use (0 to abort)? [0-3]:}}
+Which do you want to use (0 to abort)? [0-3]:
+</p>
-<br>
-= Developers =
+== Developers ==
 * [https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/available-runtimes.html Flatpak - available runtimes]
@@ Line 115: / Line 129: @@
 These are all hosted on [https://flathub.org/ Flathub.org].
-= Troubleshooting =
-==== Permission errors ====
+== Troubleshooting ==
+{{Draft|More documentation and testing is needed, but everything currently here should be safe to follow.}}
+=== Permission errors ===
-If you receive errors about permissions then you may need to add your user to the '''flatpak''' group:
+If you receive errors about permissions then you may need to add your user to the '''flatpak''' group.
-{{cmd|adduser <YourUsername> flatpak}}
+{{Note|You need to log out and log back in or reboot for the group change(s) to take effect}}
-<br>
+=== Application launch errors ===
-{{Note|You may need to log out and log back in or reboot for the group change(s) to take effect}}
+If the application is not starting try running it with {{Cmd|<nowiki>flatpak run the.application.name</nowiki>}} on a terminal. If this yields an a dbus error starting with ''Failed to connect to session bus'' then you might solve this by adding
+{{Cmd|<nowiki>export $(dbus-launch)</nowiki>}}
-<br>
+in {{Path|/etc/profile}}.
-==== Fixing audio issues ====
+=== Fixing audio issues ===
-If you have a minimal setup and don't have access to audio devices you will need to set the XDG_RUNTIME_DIR variable. Save the following script in /etc/profile.d/xdg_runtime_dir.sh and re-login to have it set up properly.
+If you have a minimal setup and don't have access to audio devices you will need to set the XDG_RUNTIME_DIR variable. Save the following script in {{Path|/etc/profile.d/xdg_runtime_dir.sh}} and re-login to have it set up properly.
   if test -z "${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}"; then
@@ Line 139: / Line 156: @@
 When you launch a Flatpak you will need to start pulseaudio as well:
-{{Cmd|pulseaudio --start && flatpak run com.example.Example}}
-<br>
+{{Cmd|$ pulseaudio --start && flatpak run com.example.Example}}
+=== Unable to upload files ===
+If you are unable to upload files from the host, this maybe due to [https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/sandbox-permissions.html Flatpak sandbox] and you may have to manually add the authorization.
+This can be done with the following commands:
+{{Cmd|<nowiki>$ flatpak override ApplicationID --filesystem=/home/user/Downloads</nowiki>}}
+Where ''ApplicationID'' is given by:
+{{Cmd|$ flatpak list}}
+For example:
-= Links =
+{{Cmd|<nowiki>$ flatpak override org.signal.Signal --filesystem=/home/user/Downloads</nowiki>}}
-* [https://flatpak.org/ Flatpak]
-* [https://flathub.org/ Flathub]
-* [https://winepak.org/ Winepak]
-<br>
+=== Error while opening repository ===
-= See Also =
+There is a current issue where sometimes flatpak will try to read the system-wide repository even if your install is with --user. This will result in failure to launch a flatpak application with the terminal reading ""error: While opening repository /var/lib/flatpak/repo: opening repo: opendir(/var/lib/flatpak/repo): No such file or directory". An alpine user has posted more information, as well as a workaround, at https://github.com/flatpak/flatpak/issues/5488
+== Links ==
+* [https://flatpak.org/ Flatpak]
+* [https://flathub.org/ Flathub]
+* [https://winepak.github.io/ Winepak]
 [[Category:Package Manager]]
 [[Category: Desktop]]