Linux iSCSI Target (tgt)

The Linux target framework (tgt) is a user space SCSI target framework that supports the iSCSI and iSER transport protocols and that supports multiple methods for accessing block storage. tgt consists of user-space daemon and tools. Being a user space server, it does not require a kernel module to run. In Alpine Linux, the package is called scsi-tgt

Installation

In Alpine, scsi-tgt is split over several packages:

scsi-tgt - the tgtd daemon.
scsi-tgt-scripts - tgt-admin helper utility. Makes it easier to configure targets via config files.
scsi-tgt-doc - documentation, man pages and example configurations.
scsi-tgt-openrc - init scripts for runnit tgt as a service.

Only scsi-tgt is required to run the tgt target daemon. A running daemon can be configured with tgtadm command line tool. However, if you want to use configuration files you need the tgt-admin helper tool, which reads the config and emits appropriate tgtadm commands. The tgt-admin tool is written in perl, and so depends on perl being installed, which is why we have it as a separate package.

This guide assumes that you want to configure iSCSI targets via a configuration file, and have it automatically start during boot.

To install scsi-tgt and the utilities to configure tgt:

 # apk add scsi-tgt scsi-tgt-scripts scsi-tgt-openrc

Note: Note that without setting up the configuration file /etc/tgt/targets.conf first, the tgtd daemon will run with an empty configuration

Once you have editited the configuration file, you can activate the service with

 # rc-update add tgt-admin
 # service tgt-admin start

Sample configuration

Here is an example configuration for exporting a local image file as a iSCSI target (virtual SCSI disk):

File: /etc/tgt/conf.d/iscsi.conf

# tgt-admin configuration file
## By default, tgt-admin looks for its config file in /etc/tgt/targets.conf

# Set the driver. If not specified, defaults to "iscsi".
default-driver iscsi

## Define a target
# iSCSI naming convention for iqn format:
# https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3721#section-1.1

<target iqn.2023-07.net.tnonline.wiki:server.target1>
     ## General settings
    controller_tid 1
    vendor_id Forza

    ## iSCSI features
    HeaderDigest None
    DataDigest None
    ErrorRecoveryLevel 2

    ## Access control
    initiator-address 192.168.0.10
    incominguser user1 secretpass12

    ## iSCSI targets (exports)
    <backing-store "/media/target/diskimage_1.img">
        lun 1
        block-size 4096
        params thin_provisioning=1 rotation_rate=0 sense_format=1
        allow-in-use yes
        write-cache on
        scsi_sn 1001
        product_id MediaFiles
    </backing-store>
</target>

tgt-admin

tgt-admin is a convenience script to configure the running tgtd daemon. It is not needed if you want to manually configure tgtd using the tgtadm tool.

Documentation can be found in the scsi-tgt-doc package (man tgt-admin), but also on upstream's GitHub page

Common tgt-admin commands are:

tgt-admin --execute

Load new targets from /etc/tgt/targets.conf. Existing targets won't be updated.

tgt-admin --update <value>

Update selected targets. Targets in-use by initiators won't be updated.

tgt-admin --show

Query tgtd for running configuration.

tgt-admin --pretend

Only print what would be done and not make any changes.

tgt-admin examples

To see the status of the running configuration, use the tgt-admin -s command:

# tgt-admin -s
Target 1: iqn.2023-07.net.tnonline.wiki:server.target1
    System information:
        Driver: iscsi
        State: ready
    I_T nexus information:
    LUN information:
        LUN: 0
            Type: controller
            SCSI ID: IET     00010000
            SCSI SN: beaf10
            Size: 0 MB, Block size: 1
            Online: Yes
            Removable media: No
            Prevent removal: No
            Readonly: No
            SWP: No
            Thin-provisioning: No
            Backing store type: null
            Backing store path: None
            Backing store flags:
        LUN: 1
            Type: disk
            SCSI ID: IET     00010001
            SCSI SN: 1001
            Size: 107374 MB, Block size: 4096
            Online: Yes
            Removable media: No
            Prevent removal: No
            Readonly: No
            SWP: No
            Thin-provisioning: Yes
            Backing store type: rdwr
            Backing store path: /media/target/diskimage_1.img
            Backing store flags:
    Account information:
        user1
    ACL information:
        192.168.0.10

If you want to see that native commands are needed you can use the --verbose option.

Here you can see the the actual commands used when issuing tgt-admin --update ALL --verbose:

# Removing target: iqn.2023-07.net.tnonline.wiki:server.target1
tgtadm -C 0 --mode target --op delete --tid=1

# Adding target: iqn.2023-07.net.tnonline.wiki:server.target1
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --op new --mode target --tid 1 -T iqn.2023-07.net.tnonline.wiki:server.target1
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --mode target --op update --tid 1 --name DataDigest --value None
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --mode target --op update --tid 1 --name ErrorRecoveryLevel --value 2
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --mode target --op update --tid 1 --name HeaderDigest --value None
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --op new --mode logicalunit --tid 1 --lun 1 -b "/media/target/diskimage_1.img"     --blocksize 4096
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --op update --mode logicalunit --tid 1 --lun=1 --params product_id="MediaFiles"
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --op update --mode logicalunit --tid 1 --lun=1 --params "thin_provisioning=1 rotation_rate=0 sense_format=1"
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --op update --mode logicalunit --tid 1 --lun=1 --params scsi_sn="1001"
# Write cache is enabled (default) for lun 1.
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --op update --mode logicalunit --tid 1 --lun=1 --params vendor_id="Forza"
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --mode account --op bind --tid=1 --user=user1
tgtadm -C 0 --lld iscsi --op bind --mode target --tid 1 -I 192.168.0.10