Printer Setup
First, you'll need CUPS. If you have a Hewlett-Packard (HP) printer, add the HPLIP package. Some of these packages are outside of main, and the appropriate repos will need to be configured. See tip below.
# apk add cups cups-pdf cups-filters hplip
cups-pdf@testing and hplip@testing.Confirm cups starts. You may also set it to run at boot-up.
# rc-service cupsd start
# rc-update add cupsd boot
Go to http://localhost:631 with your web browser and follow the steps to "Add Printer". It will ask you to log in to add a printer. Log in as root, then finish the steps. Once you're done, you should be able to print.
If that doesn't work, you may also need to add HPLIP's dependencies separately. There are currently no packages for CUPS DDK, hp-setup or foomatic.
# apk add ghostscript py3-reportlab libjpeg net-snmp
 Modifications/sections required e.g. to address container user-case scenarios, etc. |
configure mdev for USB printers
By default USB printer with mdev would have ownership root:root and permission 0660. As cupsd would try to open a libusb-based printer as lp user, it won't have permission to use the device in /dev/bus/usb.
First let's get some info about our USB printer.
# lsusb.py -uU | grep Printer 3-2 04b8:0007 00 1IF [USB 2.00, 480 Mbps, 2mA] (EPSON USB2.0 Printer (Hi-speed) 55PKAZZ15776790829)
# grep -H "" /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb3/3-2/{id{Vendor,Product},bcdDevice}
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb3/3-2/idVendor:04b8
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb3/3-2/idProduct:0007
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb3/3-2/bcdDevice:0100
These are important for us to distinguish our printer.
# cat >> /etc/mdev.conf <<EOF SUBSYSTEM=usb;PRODUCT=4b8/7/100;.* root:lp 660 */lib/mdev/usbdev EOF
Unplug the USB cable and plug it in again. Now the USB printer device at /dev/bus/usb/ will have valid ownership and permissions.
# ls -l /dev/bus/usb/002/011 crw-rw---- 1 root lp 189, 138 Apr 14 21:19 /dev/bus/usb/002/011
CUPS will be able now to use libusb to discover the local USB printer.
Desktop Environment
Additionally, in a desktop environment you could proceed as follows.
Check whether root and the user's username (yourusername) are already members of the lp and lpadmin groups. Note: yourusername can be added to the lpadmin group if they should be able to administer the CUPS system with their password.
$ groups root
root bin daemon sys adm disk wheel floppy dialout tape video
$ groups yourusername
yourusername disk wheel audio cdrom dialout video users plugdev
If not, add them:
# adduser root lp # adduser root lpadmin # adduser yourusername lp # adduser yourusername lpadmin
Start CUPS (cupsd) and make it persist between boots; then reboot:
# rc-service cupsd start # rc-update add cupsd # reboot
Managing Printers via Command Line
Credit to ArchWiki's excellent CUPS page for guidance with the following basic steps.
Locate your printer
With your printer connected and powered on, determine the URI for your printer. Depending on whether the connection is via usb or parallel ports, the URI will carry a usb:// or parallel:/ prefix.
$ lpinfo -v # network lpd network socket network beh file cups-brf:/ direct usb://HP/LaserJet%202200 network ipp network ipps network https network http direct hp
In the example above, the URI is usb://HP/LaserJet%202200
Find a .ppd or .ppd.gz driver
If your printer supports IPP Everywhere -- most recent models do -- see the driverless command in cups-filters:
$ driverless ipp_uri > printer.ppd
or just pass -m everywhere to lpadmin.
Otherwise, you could list all the drivers available by running lpinfo -m and then searching through the results to find a .ppd or .ppd.gz specific to your printer. A quick solution is to use the --make-and-model flag and grep to filter the results by plugging in your printer's make, model and series in this fashion:
$ lpinfo --make-and-model "make_and_model_names" -m | grep -i printer_series
- Search for the term HP to find instances of Hewlett-Packard.
- You do not need to state the
printer_seriesin whole if at all e.g. 2200 may be preferable to searching for 2200M, etc.
For example, type:
$ lpinfo --make-and-model "HP LaserJet" -m | grep -i 2200
From the results, you might select the following .ppd driver:
drv:///hp/hpcups.drv/hp-laserjet_2200_series.ppd
If required, additional drivers can be obtained by installing gutenprint, and running the lpinfo search again. These may not specify .ppd names.
# apk add gutenprint gutenprint-doc
Configure a queue
Create a queue using a queue_name of your choice. Your selected printer's name is an obvious choice, but do not use spaces.
You will also need to be root or use sudo, and you will also need to plug in the URI and the .ppd driver:
# lpadmin -p queue_name -E -v "uri" -m driver
With this example, you could set as follows, but there are other solutions.
# lpadmin -p HP_LaserJet_2200 -E -v "usb://HP/LaserJet%202200" -m drv:///hp/hpcups.drv/hp-laserjet_2200-pcl3.ppd
This printer queue could be set as default:
# lpoptions -d HP_LaserJet_2200
Printer settings can typically be set in your GUI application's Print menu or by examining the CUPS lpoptions page. If you have a single queue, the setting options available (such as page type, duplex, etc.) for your queue can simply be listed by using the -l flag. Asterisks(*) indicate current settings:
# lpoptions -l PageSize/Media Size: Card3x5 Hagaki Photo4x6 A6 Photo5x7 Card5x8 Oufuku A5 B5 JB5 Executive 16k Letter *A4 ExecutiveJIS FLSA Legal EnvA2 EnvC6 EnvChou4 EnvMonarch EnvDL Env10 EnvChou3 EnvC5 EnvB5 Custom.WIDTHxHEIGHT Duplex/Double-Sided Printing: DuplexNoTumble DuplexTumble *None InputSlot/Media Source: *Auto PhotoTray Upper Lower Envelope LargeCapacity Manual MPTray ColorModel/Output Mode: *Gray MediaType/Media Type: *Plain OutputMode/Print Quality: *Normal Draft Best OptionDuplex/Duplexer Installed: *False True
If there is only one queue, options can be set by simply using -o flags for each setting:
# lpoptions -o PageSize=Legal -o Duplex=DuplexNoTumble