Bootloaders
This page shows the basic steps you need to perform, if you for any reason want to switch bootloaders or apply some manual configuration.
rEFInd is an easy to use EFI boot menu that allows booting different operating systems.
Syslinux is the default light-weight bootloader used in Alpine.
Grub is a standard linux boot loader.
rEFIind
For (U)EFI systems, the refind package can provide a nice EFI boot menu that allows booting different operating system from the available partitions.
If refind is not yet available in the used alpine release, it may be installed in another dual/multi-booted linux distribution.
For example, with a Debian based distribution, it can be done like this:
apt install refind refind-install --alldrivers
(The --alldrivers option installs all filesystem drivers instead of only the one needed to load the currently running kernel, to allow finding and booting operating systems from different partitions.)
And a first (default) boot parameters line needs to be configured with Alpine's defaults. Assuming the bootable partition is mounted at /media/sdXY it can be done like this (at time of writing):
echo '"Alpine" "modules=loop,squashfs,sd-mod,usb-storage quiet initrd=\boot\intel-ucode.img initrd=\boot\amd-ucode.img initrd=\boot\initramfs-lts"' > /media/sdXY/boot/refind_linux.conf
- And at the time of writing, it was still needed to use backslashes in the .conf file.
- The path in the config file needs to be relative to the partition. If
/bootresides on a separate partition, then\bootneeds to be removed from the paths.
Installing Syslinux
If you want to switch from another bootloader back to Syslinux, or if you for some reason want to install Syslinux manually, the following steps are required.
Install the syslinux package:
apk add syslinux
If you're using GPT partitions, install the GPT MBR onto the drive you want to install the bootloader on (in this case /dev/sda):
dd bs=440 count=1 conv=notrunc if=/usr/share/syslinux/gptmbr.bin of=/dev/sda
Or if you're using DOS partitions, install the DOS MBR instead:
dd bs=440 count=1 conv=notrunc if=/usr/share/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sda
Next install the required Syslinux binaries. Despite being called extlinux, Syslinux supports booting from FAT12/16/32, NTFS, ext2/3/4, Btrfs, XFS, and UFS/FFS filesystems.
extlinux --install /boot
The configuration file is located in /boot/extlinux.conf.
Alpine ships with a script called update-extlinux which automatically (re)generates this file, for example on updates to Syslinux.
The settings for this script can be found in /etc/update-extlinux.conf, including the option to disable automatic overwriting of /boot/extlinux.conf.
You can also place additional menu entries in the /etc/update-extlinux.d/ directory, e.g. for dual booting.
EFI
Assuming /mnt is a FAT32 partition of type EF00 and /boot belongs to the rootfs created after running setup-disk:
mkdir -p /mnt/EFI/syslinux cp /usr/share/syslinux/efi64/* /mnt/EFI/syslinux/ cp /boot/extlinux.conf /mnt/EFI/syslinux/syslinux.cfg cp /boot/vmlinuz* /mnt/ cp /boot/initramfs* /mnt/
You may need to modify /mnt/EFI/syslinux/syslinux.cfg to change the paths to absolute paths (just add a / in front of the vmlinuz/initramfs entries),
or copy the files to /mnt/EFI/syslinux instead (XXX: untested).
GRUB
To install GRUB in BIOS mode, (optionally) remove the Syslinux package and install the required GRUB packages:
apk del syslinux apk add grub grub-bios
For EFI, install Grub's EFI package instead. Note that /boot has to be an EFI compatible filesystem like FAT32.
apk add grub-efi
Next install the MBR and GRUB binaries to disk for BIOS mode:
grub-install /dev/vda
For EFI mode:
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot
GRUB ships with an automatic config generator, including some automatic detection of other operating systems installed on the device:
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
This script can be configured via the /etc/default/grub file.
See [1] for a list of available options.