Revision as of 19:17, 16 May 2021

This page shows the basic steps you need to perform, if you for any reason want to switch bootloaders or apply some manual configuration.

rEFInd is an easy to use EFI boot menu that allows booting different operating systems.
Syslinux is the default light-weight bootloader used in Alpine.
Grub is a standard linux boot loader.

rEFIind

For (U)EFI systems, the refind package can provide a nice EFI boot menu that allows booting different operating system from the available partitions.

If refind is not yet available in the used alpine release, it may be installed in another dual/multi-booted linux distribution.

For example, with a Debian based distribution, it can be done like this:

apt install refind
refind-install --alldrivers

(The --alldrivers option installs all filesystem drivers instead of only the one needed to load the currently running kernel, to allow finding and booting operating systems from different partitions.)

And a first (default) boot parameters line needs to be configured with Alpine's defaults. Assuming the bootable partition is mounted at /media/sdXY it can be done like this (at time of writing):

echo '"Alpine" "modules=loop,squashfs,sd-mod,usb-storage quiet initrd=\boot\intel-ucode.img initrd=\boot\amd-ucode.img initrd=\boot\initramfs-lts"' > /media/sdXY/boot/refind_linux.conf

Note:

And at the time of writing, it was still needed to use backslashes in the .conf file.
The path in the config file needs to be relative to the partition. If /boot resides on a separate partition, then \boot needs to be removed from the paths.

Installing Syslinux

If you want to switch from another bootloader back to Syslinux, or if you for some reason want to install Syslinux manually, the following steps are required.

Install the syslinux package:

apk add syslinux

If you're using GPT partitions, install the GPT MBR onto the drive you want to install the bootloader on (in this case /dev/sda):

dd bs=440 count=1 conv=notrunc if=/usr/share/syslinux/gptmbr.bin of=/dev/sda

Or if you're using DOS partitions, install the DOS MBR instead:

dd bs=440 count=1 conv=notrunc if=/usr/share/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sda

Next install the required Syslinux binaries. Despite being called extlinux, Syslinux supports booting from FAT12/16/32, NTFS, ext2/3/4, Btrfs, XFS, and UFS/FFS filesystems.

extlinux --install /boot

The configuration file is located in /boot/extlinux.conf. Alpine ships with a script called update-extlinux which automatically (re)generates this file, for example on updates to Syslinux. The settings for this script can be found in /etc/update-extlinux.conf, including the option to disable automatic overwriting of /boot/extlinux.conf. You can also place additional menu entries in the /etc/update-extlinux.d/ directory, e.g. for dual booting.

EFI

Todo: Work in progress. This should at least get you started.

Assuming /mnt is a FAT32 partition of type EF00 and /boot belongs to the rootfs created after running setup-disk:

mkdir -p /mnt/EFI/syslinux
cp /usr/share/syslinux/efi64/* /mnt/EFI/syslinux/
cp /boot/extlinux.conf /mnt/EFI/syslinux/syslinux.cfg
cp /boot/vmlinuz* /mnt/
cp /boot/initramfs* /mnt/

You may need to modify /mnt/EFI/syslinux/syslinux.cfg to change the paths to absolute paths (just add a / in front of the vmlinuz/initramfs entries), or copy the files to /mnt/EFI/syslinux instead (XXX: untested).

GRUB

To install GRUB in BIOS mode, (optionally) remove the Syslinux package and install the required GRUB packages:

apk del syslinux
apk add grub grub-bios

For EFI, install Grub's EFI package instead. Note that /boot has to be an EFI compatible filesystem like FAT32.

apk add grub-efi

Next install the MBR and GRUB binaries to disk for BIOS mode:

grub-install /dev/vda

For EFI mode:

grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot

GRUB ships with an automatic config generator, including some automatic detection of other operating systems installed on the device:

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

This script can be configured via the /etc/default/grub file. See [1] for a list of available options.

External Links

U-Boot Release Cycle

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 (The --alldrivers option installs all filesystem drivers instead of only the one needed to load the currently running kernel, to allow finding and booting operating systems from different partitions.)
-And Alpine's default boot parameters need to be configured. Assuming the bootable partition is mounted at <code>/media/sdXY</code> it can be done like this:
+And a first (default) boot parameters line needs to be configured with Alpine's defaults. Assuming the bootable partition is mounted at <code>/media/sdXY</code> it can be done like this (at time of writing):
   echo '"Alpine" "modules=loop,squashfs,sd-mod,usb-storage quiet initrd=\boot\intel-ucode.img initrd=\boot\amd-ucode.img initrd=\boot\initramfs-lts"' > /media/sdXY/boot/refind_linux.conf
 {{Note|
-# And at the time of writing, it was still needed to use backslashes.
+# And at the time of writing, it was still needed to use backslashes in the .conf file.
 # The path in the config file needs to be relative to the partition. If <code>/boot</code> resides on a separate partition, then <code>\boot</code> needs to be removed from the paths.                                                                                               }}