Installation: Difference between revisions

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== Installation Quick-Start in 3 Easy Steps ==
== Installation Quick-Start in 3 Easy Steps ==
These steps are meant for x86_64 builds. For ARM, see [[Alpine_on_ARM|Alpine on ARM]]
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If you have a CD drive from which you can boot, then [[Burning ISOs|burn the ISO onto a blank CD]] using your favorite CD burning software. Else [[Create a Bootable USB|create a bootable USB drive]].
If you have a CD drive from which you can boot, then [[Burning ISOs|burn the ISO onto a blank CD]] using your favorite CD burning software. Otherwise, [[Create a Bootable USB|create a bootable USB drive]].
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{{Clear}}
{{Clear}}


Now Alpine are complete running from the media source, '''you can install it''' by running the <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code> command.
Now that Alpine is completely running from the media source, '''you can install it''' by running <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code>.


Before runs <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code> there's many ways and '''use cases in the [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#Ways_to_install_Alpine_into_machines_or_virtuals|Alpine install manual for beginners]]'''
Before running <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code>, you may want to look at other '''use cases in the [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#Ways_to_install_Alpine_into_machines_or_virtuals|Alpine install manual for beginners]]'''


= Installation Handbook =
= Installation Handbook =


Alpine can be booted or not, just use it. Alpine Linux installation process are so flexible that indeed can just boot up inside other broken Linux. '''You believe that every system needs a DVD disc, or a USB to install it?, but Alpine may not even need it''', so much so that it can even boot from its phone memory. Obviously '''the more exquisite the more complicated method'''.  
Alpine can be used even when when its not the actual distribution in place. The installation is so minimal that it can be inserted within the filesystems of other Linux distributions, which can be useful for fixing a broken system. '''Alpine can even be installed without a DVD disk or a USB drive, unlike most other Linux distributions'''. However, '''the more exquisite the setup, the more complicated the installation procedure'''. Beginners probably want to look to the [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#Ways_to_install_Alpine_into_machines_or_virtuals|Alpine install manual for beginners]] for common installation cases (A Spanish version is available at [https://mckayemu.github.io/alpineinstalls/ https://mckayemu.github.io/alpineinstalls]).
 
== Overview of the Alpine installation process ==
 
# Like any Linux installation, begin by booting an "install/running medium" from an external device (CD/DVD, USB Drive, etc...). Storage devices or optical drives can also be the target medium to install into.
# There are '''three common setups for live Alpine systems''':
## [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#diskless_mode|diskless mode]]: A read-only medium such as the installation CD/DVD, a [[Create a Bootable USB|USB drive]] or a [[Create a Bootable Compact Flash|Compact Flash card]] will store the system. This means that disk changes cannot be saved, and only exist in memory.
## [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#data_mode|data mode]]: This is similar to the disk-less mode above, but a writable partition (usually on a hard disk) is used to store {{Path|/var}}.
## [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#sys_mode|sys mode]]: This is the traditional hard-disk install; the original system and subsequent modifications are kept on a hard drive. Individual partitions for {{Path|/boot}}, {{Path|/}}, and {{Path|swap}} are automatically created.
# The installation medium is in [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#diskless_mode|diskless mode]], and <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code> will install the new system by copying files.
# When installing in [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#sys_mode|sys mode]], the post-installation procedure allows configuring a root password.
 
== Requirements for Alpine ==
 
* A machine to install onto: Alpine supports phones, laptops, desktops, embedded, Raspberry Pis, Arduinos, etc.
** Most architecture, such as i386, amd64, arm, ppc, and x390.
** At least 100 MB of RAM is necessary. A complete desktop system can require up to 1 GB.
** For "sys" or "data" modes, a storage device is needed.
 
== Media source to install and/or run ==
 
Those source "install/running" medium are downloaded from https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/; named "images", all the images will need network internet connection present and available except the image named `extended` due comes with minimal need packages but are x86/x64 based only.
 
To use those media files, must be dumped in a USB or burned into a CD/DVD, are "iso hybrid" that means can be just copied as "cd media.iso /dev/sdb", please check [[Create a Bootable USB|USB drive]], or a [[Create a Bootable Compact Flash|Compact Flash card]] for details.
 
== Booting the media source ==
 
After flash the USB media or burn a CD-ROM media, put the media source on respective drive bay of the computer and turn on the computer.
 
Select proper boot media, this depends on each computer device; by example on DELL's computers almost always are the `F12` key, press at the boot screen and when menu shows select the proper media, on the VirtualBox software are same `F12` key too, by hitting that key a boot selection media will be displayed, boot screen depends on each computer.
 
This document makes no sense which media was used after this step, rest of the document are same for all cases.


A proper setup of your system are need, but if you deploy all of an ecosystems in your own home and job.. in your only machine... you will need a proper guide to setup your main system (or maybe a parallel system?).
{{Note| This document assumes you will wipe out all the hard disk of your computer to complete use Alpine as the only and the main operating system, if you want more detailed cases see the wiki page [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual]].}}


As any Linux installation, Alpine start process by booting from an external device (CD/DVD, USB Drive, etc...).
== Configure and run the install process ==


As Alpine uses Linux kernel, start step of collecting information to initialize a minimum system, the <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code> will copy files. This minimun system started before proceed to property install are a [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#diskless_mode|diskless mode]] started from the orig medium.
More easy than you think, will just run as any other Linux, and ask for a login screen, just input "root" and then a console prompt will be show. Here just type and run the following commands to fast install automatically on ALL the hard disk of your computer device:


The post installation step provides the way to choose the root password, and eventually boot up the new installed system.
<pre><nowiki>
export BOOTLOADER=grub


=== Overview of run modes for Alpine system ===
setup-alpine -f /root/autofile
</nowiki></pre>


Alpine can be used in any of '''three modes respected the install process''':
A few questions will be asked, be care of questions and root password questions in the
process due will be used later and must be mandatory.
* Keyboard map, such like ''us'' and variant of ''us-nodeadkeys'' for Canada or ''es'' and variant of ''es-winkeys'' for Spanish speaking users and Latin American people.
* Hostname: just push enter, it's the human computer name.
* Network options: will as the method to grap the internet connection in wired cases, just enter the suggested values, an network internet connection present are required in most cases.
* DNS options: recommended to use 8.8.8.8 and none for search domain
* Timezone options: just use the default values suggested.
* Proxy options: use "none" if you connect directly to the internet; this are a special filed that permits use the "proxy service" of your network, as to your admins.
* SSH options: use openssh, the default that comes with media.
* NTP options: use chrony, the default that comes with media.
* Mode: select "sys" to install as described previously.
* Disk options: the destination media to install, as we assumed are only one disk in the computer device, use "sda".


== diskless mode ==
After a while, process starts and will format the hard disk device, this will make the disk layout as:


You'll boot from a read-only medium such as the installation CD, a [[Create a Bootable USB|USB drive]], or a [[Create a Bootable Compact Flash|Compact Flash card]]. {{Tip| To prepare either a USB or Compact Flash card, you can use the <code>[[setup-bootable]]</code> script; see the pages linked above for details.}} When you use Alpine in this mode, you need to use [[Alpine local backup|Alpine Local Backup (lbu)]] to save your modifications between reboots. That requires some writable medium, usually removable. If your boot medium is, for example, a USB drive, you can save modifications there; you don't need a separate partition or drive. See also [[Local APK cache]].
* `/dev/sda1` como BOOT en 500Mb en `/boot`
{{Note| When the <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code> script asks for a disk, say "none". It will then prompt whether you'd like to preserve modifications on any writable medium.}}
* `/dev/sda2` como SWAP en 4Gb
* `/dev/sda3` como ROOT en 200Gb en `/`


== data mode ==
And then will copy files to your hard disk device, after a while the system will be installed.


As in diskless mode, your OS is run from a read-only medium. However, here a writable partition (usually on a hard disk) is used to store the data in {{Path|/var}}. That partition is accessed directly, rather than copied into a tmpfs; so this is better-suited to uses where large amounts of data need to be preserved between reboots. {{Note| The <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code> script handles installing Alpine in this mode, too, when you supply a writable partition instead of "none", and request mode "data".}} This mode may be used for mailspools, database and log servers, and so on.
== Booting and using the new system ==


== sys mode ==
After process of coping files is completed, the installation media must be removed from the USB/CARD reader or CD/DVD bay of the computer


This is a [[Install to disk|traditional hard-disk install]] (see link for details). <!-- includes [[Installing Alpine on HDD overwriting everything]] --> Both the boot system and your modifications are written to the hard disk in a standard Linux hierarchy. {{Note| The <code>[[setup-alpine]]</code> script handles installing Alpine in this mode, too, when you supply a writable partition instead of "none", and request mode "sys". By default, it will create three partions on your disk for {{Path|/boot}}, {{Path|/}}, and {{Path|swap}}; however you can also [[Setting up disks manually|partition your disk manually]].
Then the new system can be booted by removing the boot media where was installed; after boot you must read
}} This mode may be used for [[Desktops|desktops]], development boxes, and virtual servers.
[[Alpine_newbie_apk_packages|Alpine post install packages and setup configurations for new users]] where you can follow steps to customize your new system.
    <!-- [[Native Harddisk Install 1.6]] Obsolete -->


= Further Documentation =
= Further Documentation =
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# [[Newbie_Alpine_Ecosystem]]
# [[Newbie_Alpine_Ecosystem]]
# [[Alpine newbie install manual]]
# [[Alpine newbie install manual]]
# [https://mckayemu.github.io/alpineinstalls/ https://mckayemu.github.io/alpineinstalls/ All informatin for Spanish users]


[[Category:Installation]]
[[Category:Installation]]

Revision as of 10:36, 25 February 2020

The following information will assist you with the installation of Alpine Linux.


Installation Quick-Start in 3 Easy Steps

These steps are meant for x86_64 builds. For ARM, see Alpine on ARM

1st

Download one of the latest stable-release ISOs. Then compare the image's checksum to the one in the corresponding checksum file (*.sha256) and verify its GPG signature.


2nd

If you have a CD drive from which you can boot, then burn the ISO onto a blank CD using your favorite CD burning software. Otherwise, create a bootable USB drive.


3rd

Boot from the CD or USB drive, login as root with no password, and voilà! Enjoy Alpine Linux!


Now that Alpine is completely running from the media source, you can install it by running setup-alpine.

Before running setup-alpine, you may want to look at other use cases in the Alpine install manual for beginners

Installation Handbook

Alpine can be used even when when its not the actual distribution in place. The installation is so minimal that it can be inserted within the filesystems of other Linux distributions, which can be useful for fixing a broken system. Alpine can even be installed without a DVD disk or a USB drive, unlike most other Linux distributions. However, the more exquisite the setup, the more complicated the installation procedure. Beginners probably want to look to the Alpine install manual for beginners for common installation cases (A Spanish version is available at https://mckayemu.github.io/alpineinstalls).

Overview of the Alpine installation process

  1. Like any Linux installation, begin by booting an "install/running medium" from an external device (CD/DVD, USB Drive, etc...). Storage devices or optical drives can also be the target medium to install into.
  2. There are three common setups for live Alpine systems:
    1. diskless mode: A read-only medium such as the installation CD/DVD, a USB drive or a Compact Flash card will store the system. This means that disk changes cannot be saved, and only exist in memory.
    2. data mode: This is similar to the disk-less mode above, but a writable partition (usually on a hard disk) is used to store /var.
    3. sys mode: This is the traditional hard-disk install; the original system and subsequent modifications are kept on a hard drive. Individual partitions for /boot, /, and swap are automatically created.
  3. The installation medium is in diskless mode, and setup-alpine will install the new system by copying files.
  4. When installing in sys mode, the post-installation procedure allows configuring a root password.

Requirements for Alpine

  • A machine to install onto: Alpine supports phones, laptops, desktops, embedded, Raspberry Pis, Arduinos, etc.
    • Most architecture, such as i386, amd64, arm, ppc, and x390.
    • At least 100 MB of RAM is necessary. A complete desktop system can require up to 1 GB.
    • For "sys" or "data" modes, a storage device is needed.

Media source to install and/or run

Those source "install/running" medium are downloaded from https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/; named "images", all the images will need network internet connection present and available except the image named `extended` due comes with minimal need packages but are x86/x64 based only.

To use those media files, must be dumped in a USB or burned into a CD/DVD, are "iso hybrid" that means can be just copied as "cd media.iso /dev/sdb", please check USB drive, or a Compact Flash card for details.

Booting the media source

After flash the USB media or burn a CD-ROM media, put the media source on respective drive bay of the computer and turn on the computer.

Select proper boot media, this depends on each computer device; by example on DELL's computers almost always are the `F12` key, press at the boot screen and when menu shows select the proper media, on the VirtualBox software are same `F12` key too, by hitting that key a boot selection media will be displayed, boot screen depends on each computer.

This document makes no sense which media was used after this step, rest of the document are same for all cases.

Note: This document assumes you will wipe out all the hard disk of your computer to complete use Alpine as the only and the main operating system, if you want more detailed cases see the wiki page Alpine_newbie_install_manual.

Configure and run the install process

More easy than you think, will just run as any other Linux, and ask for a login screen, just input "root" and then a console prompt will be show. Here just type and run the following commands to fast install automatically on ALL the hard disk of your computer device: 

export BOOTLOADER=grub

setup-alpine -f /root/autofile

A few questions will be asked, be care of questions and root password questions in the process due will be used later and must be mandatory.

  • Keyboard map, such like us and variant of us-nodeadkeys for Canada or es and variant of es-winkeys for Spanish speaking users and Latin American people.
  • Hostname: just push enter, it's the human computer name.
  • Network options: will as the method to grap the internet connection in wired cases, just enter the suggested values, an network internet connection present are required in most cases.
  • DNS options: recommended to use 8.8.8.8 and none for search domain
  • Timezone options: just use the default values suggested.
  • Proxy options: use "none" if you connect directly to the internet; this are a special filed that permits use the "proxy service" of your network, as to your admins.
  • SSH options: use openssh, the default that comes with media.
  • NTP options: use chrony, the default that comes with media.
  • Mode: select "sys" to install as described previously.
  • Disk options: the destination media to install, as we assumed are only one disk in the computer device, use "sda".

After a while, process starts and will format the hard disk device, this will make the disk layout as:

  • `/dev/sda1` como BOOT en 500Mb en `/boot`
  • `/dev/sda2` como SWAP en 4Gb
  • `/dev/sda3` como ROOT en 200Gb en `/`

And then will copy files to your hard disk device, after a while the system will be installed.

Booting and using the new system

After process of coping files is completed, the installation media must be removed from the USB/CARD reader or CD/DVD bay of the computer

Then the new system can be booted by removing the boot media where was installed; after boot you must read Alpine post install packages and setup configurations for new users where you can follow steps to customize your new system.

Further Documentation

Post-Install

Further Help and Information

See Also

  1. Newbie_Alpine_Ecosystem
  2. Alpine newbie install manual
  3. https://mckayemu.github.io/alpineinstalls/ All informatin for Spanish users
Retrieved from "https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Installation&oldid=16946"