OpenRC - Revision history

Prabuanand: moved note about doas along with service management commands

2026-04-01T19:03:10Z

moved note about doas along with service management commands

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:03, 1 April 2026
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	OpenRC supports managing services for users. User services are available from [[Release_Notes_for_Alpine_3.22.0#OpenRC_User_services\|v3.22]]. Here is the [https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/contents?file=*&path=%2Fetc%2Fuser%2Finit.d&name=&branch=edge&repo=&arch=x86_64 list of OpenRC User services] available currently.		OpenRC supports managing services for users. User services are available from [[Release_Notes_for_Alpine_3.22.0#OpenRC_User_services\|v3.22]]. Here is the [https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/contents?file=*&path=%2Fetc%2Fuser%2Finit.d&name=&branch=edge&repo=&arch=x86_64 list of OpenRC User services] available currently.

	~~Do not use '''doas''' when using user service commands. For managing user services, usual OpenRC commands can be used with '''-U''' option as distinct from the ''-u'' option.~~

	=== Config files and Runlevels for user services ===		=== Config files and Runlevels for user services ===
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	=== User service management ===		=== User service management ===

			Do not use '''doas''' when issuing User service commands. For managing user services, usual OpenRC commands can be used with '''-U''' option as distinct from the ''-u'' option.

	Issue the command {{ic\|$ rc-status -Ur}} to view and verify the current user runlevel as '''gui''' and '''default''' for Wayland and Xorg, respectively, before proceeding.		Issue the command {{ic\|$ rc-status -Ur}} to view and verify the current user runlevel as '''gui''' and '''default''' for Wayland and Xorg, respectively, before proceeding.

Prabuanand: removed certain instructions. refer talk page for more information

2026-04-01T18:59:57Z

removed certain instructions. refer talk page for more information

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:59, 1 April 2026
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	== User services ==		== User services ==

	OpenRC supports managing services for users. User services are ~~currently experimental and~~ available from [[Release_Notes_for_Alpine_3.22.0#OpenRC_User_services\|v3.22]]. Here is the [https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/contents?file=*&path=%2Fetc%2Fuser%2Finit.d&name=&branch=edge&repo=&arch=x86_64 list of OpenRC User services] available currently.		OpenRC supports managing services for users. User services are available from [[Release_Notes_for_Alpine_3.22.0#OpenRC_User_services\|v3.22]]. Here is the [https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/contents?file=*&path=%2Fetc%2Fuser%2Finit.d&name=&branch=edge&repo=&arch=x86_64 list of OpenRC User services] available currently.

	~~Such services are said to be running in~~ ''~~user mode~~'' ~~and are managed with~~ usual OpenRC commands ~~using the~~ '''-U''' option (as distinct from the ''-u'' option~~), and without '''doas''' (nor as root)~~.		Do not use '''doas''' when using user service commands. For managing user services, usual OpenRC commands can be used with '''-U''' option as distinct from the ''-u'' option.

	=== Config files for user services ===		=== Config files and Runlevels for user services ===

	OpenRC uses {{path\|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rc}} for its user service configuration. If <code>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME</code> is unset, the fallback {{path\|~/.config}} is used. The main configuration file for OpenRC User services is {{path\|~/.config/rc/rc.conf}}.		OpenRC uses {{path\|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rc}} for its user service configuration. If <code>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME</code> is unset, the fallback {{path\|~/.config}} is used. The main configuration file for OpenRC User services is {{path\|~/.config/rc/rc.conf}}.
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	The folders {{path\|~/.config/rc/init.d/}} and {{path\|~/.config/rc/conf.d/}} can have user customized service scripts for User services and their respective configuration files. These scripts override official files at {{Path\|/etc/user/}}, if their service names match.		The folders {{path\|~/.config/rc/init.d/}} and {{path\|~/.config/rc/conf.d/}} can have user customized service scripts for User services and their respective configuration files. These scripts override official files at {{Path\|/etc/user/}}, if their service names match.

			Runlevels for user service are represented by directories in {{path\|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rc/runlevels}}.

	=== Prerequisites ===		=== Prerequisites ===
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	* [[XDG_RUNTIME_DIR]] variable must be set		* [[XDG_RUNTIME_DIR]] variable must be set

	==== ~~Runlevels for user services~~ ====		=== Configure environment variables ===

	~~Runlevels are represented by directories in {{path\|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rc/runlevels}}. The default runlevel is <code>sysinit</code> and needs to be created explicitly in order to be enabled:~~

	~~{{Cmd\|$ mkdir -p ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-~/.config}/rc/runlevels/sysinit}}~~

	~~To start the default runlevel (<code>sysinit</code>),~~ use:		If you do not use a [[Display manager]] or if your login manager supports <code>~/.profile</code>, then it can be used to automatically start the user runlevel.

	~~{{Cmd\|$ openrc -U}}~~

	~~To start another runlevel, use:~~

	~~{{Cmd\|$ openrc -U $RUNLEVEL}}~~

	~~Add the above line to~~ <code>~/.profile</code> to automatically start the runlevel ~~after logging in.~~

	~~If automatic start-up of a runlevel needs to be enforced by the system administrator, see [[#PAM support\|PAM support]] below~~.

	~~=== Configure environment variables ===~~

	==== For Wayland ====		==== For Wayland ====

Prabuanand: minor wikilink change

2025-11-11T05:21:41Z

minor wikilink change

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:21, 11 November 2025
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	Alpine Linux uses [https://github.com/OpenRC/ OpenRC] for its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Init init] system. The init system manages the services, including the boot and shutdown of your system. ~~OpenRC~~ [[#User services\|User services]] can be used for managing services for users.		Alpine Linux uses [https://github.com/OpenRC/ OpenRC] for its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Init init] system. The init system manages the services, including the boot and shutdown of your system. [[#User services\|OpenRC User services]] can be used for managing services for users.

	To learn the basics of OpenRC quickly, refer to the [https://docs.alpinelinux.org/user-handbook/0.1a/Working/openrc.html working with OpenRC] guide from the Alpine Linux documentation project.		To learn the basics of OpenRC quickly, refer to the [https://docs.alpinelinux.org/user-handbook/0.1a/Working/openrc.html working with OpenRC] guide from the Alpine Linux documentation project.

Prabuanand: minor change in introduction

2025-11-11T05:20:50Z

minor change in introduction

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:20, 11 November 2025
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	Alpine Linux uses [https://github.com/OpenRC/ OpenRC] for its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Init init] system. The init system manages the services, including the boot and shutdown of your system. OpenRC ~~also supports managing~~ [[#User services\|services for users]].		Alpine Linux uses [https://github.com/OpenRC/ OpenRC] for its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Init init] system. The init system manages the services, including the boot and shutdown of your system. OpenRC [[#User services\|User services]] can be used for managing services for users.

	To learn the basics of OpenRC quickly, refer to the [https://docs.alpinelinux.org/user-handbook/0.1a/Working/openrc.html working with OpenRC] guide from the Alpine Linux documentation project.		To learn the basics of OpenRC quickly, refer to the [https://docs.alpinelinux.org/user-handbook/0.1a/Working/openrc.html working with OpenRC] guide from the Alpine Linux documentation project.

Prabuanand: Moved, renamed and combined headings to make it easier to follow user services

2025-10-29T09:20:45Z

Moved, renamed and combined headings to make it easier to follow user services

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:20, 29 October 2025
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	Such services are said to be running in ''user mode'' and are managed with usual OpenRC commands using the '''-U''' option (as distinct from the ''-u'' option), and without '''doas''' (nor as root).		Such services are said to be running in ''user mode'' and are managed with usual OpenRC commands using the '''-U''' option (as distinct from the ''-u'' option), and without '''doas''' (nor as root).

	=== ~~Prerequisites~~ ===		=== Config files for user services ===

			OpenRC uses {{path\|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rc}} for its user service configuration. If <code>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME</code> is unset, the fallback {{path\|~/.config}} is used. The main configuration file for OpenRC User services is {{path\|~/.config/rc/rc.conf}}.

	* [[XDG_RUNTIME_DIR]] variable must be ~~set~~		The service scripts for each OpenRC user service provided as part of official packages can be found at {{Path\|/etc/user/init.d/}} and their respective service configuration files at {{Path\|/etc/user/conf.d/}}.

	~~=== Config~~ files ~~for~~ user ~~services ===~~		The folders {{path\|~/.config/rc/init.d/}} and {{path\|~/.config/rc/conf.d/}} can have user customized service scripts for User services and their respective configuration files. These scripts override official files at {{Path\|/etc/user/}}, if their service names match.

	~~OpenRC uses {{path\|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rc}} for its user service configuration. If <code>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME</code> is unset, the fallback {{path\|~/.config}} is used.~~		=== Prerequisites ===

	~~The main configuration file for OpenRC User services is {{path\|~/.config/rc/rc.conf}}.~~		* [[XDG_RUNTIME_DIR]] variable must be set

	==== Runlevels ====		==== Runlevels for user services ====

	Runlevels are represented by directories in {{path\|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rc/runlevels}}. The default runlevel is <code>sysinit</code> and needs to be created explicitly in order to be enabled:		Runlevels are represented by directories in {{path\|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rc/runlevels}}. The default runlevel is <code>sysinit</code> and needs to be created explicitly in order to be enabled:
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	If automatic start-up of a runlevel needs to be enforced by the system administrator, see [[#PAM support\|PAM support]] below.		If automatic start-up of a runlevel needs to be enforced by the system administrator, see [[#PAM support\|PAM support]] below.

	~~==== Services ====~~

	The service scripts for each OpenRC user service provided as part of official packages can be found at {{Path\|/etc/user/init.d/}} and their respective service configuration files at {{Path\|/etc/user/conf.d/}}.

	The folders {{path\|~/.config/rc/init.d/}} and {{path\|~/.config/rc/conf.d/}} can have user customized service scripts for User services and their respective configuration files. These scripts override official files at {{Path\|/etc/user/}}, if their service names match.

	=== Configure environment variables ===		=== Configure environment variables ===

Prabuanand: added reference to busybox init

2025-09-25T11:40:32Z

added reference to busybox init

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:40, 25 September 2025
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	Alpine Linux uses [https://github.com/OpenRC/ OpenRC] for its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Init init] system. The init system manages the services, including the boot and shutdown of your system~~. Don't confuse OpenRC init with system init (the first process that is executed aka pid 1)~~. OpenRC also supports managing [[#User services\|services for users]].		Alpine Linux uses [https://github.com/OpenRC/ OpenRC] for its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Init init] system. The init system manages the services, including the boot and shutdown of your system. OpenRC also supports managing [[#User services\|services for users]].

	To learn the basics of OpenRC quickly, refer to the [https://docs.alpinelinux.org/user-handbook/0.1a/Working/openrc.html working with OpenRC] guide from the Alpine Linux documentation project.		To learn the basics of OpenRC quickly, refer to the [https://docs.alpinelinux.org/user-handbook/0.1a/Working/openrc.html working with OpenRC] guide from the Alpine Linux documentation project.
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	== Runlevels ==		== Runlevels ==

	A ''runlevel'' is basically a collection of services that needs to be started when certain conditions are met. Instead of using runlevel numbers, such as is used traditionally with ''SysV'' init, these are named, and users can create their own, if needed. The default startup uses the '''sysinit''', '''boot''', and '''default''' runlevels, in that order. Shutdown uses the '''shutdown''' runlevel.		The [[BusyBox#init\|BusyBox init]] executes [[OpenRC]] runlevel scripts according to entries in {{Path\|/etc/inittab}}. A ''runlevel'' is basically a collection of services that needs to be started when certain conditions are met. Instead of using runlevel numbers, such as is used traditionally with ''SysV'' init, these are named, and users can create their own, if needed. The default startup uses the '''sysinit''', '''boot''', and '''default''' runlevels, in that order. Shutdown uses the '''shutdown''' runlevel.

	The available runlevels are:		The available runlevels are:

Prabuanand: added wikilink to past release notes

2025-09-23T05:13:42Z

added wikilink to past release notes

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:13, 23 September 2025
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	== Cgroups ==		== Cgroups ==

	~~OpenRC supports~~ [https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.html ~~cgroups v2~~] or '''unified''' in the default ~~configuration~~. To start {{ic\|cgroups}} service:{{Cmd\|# rc-service cgroups start}}		Alpine Linux uses [https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.html Cgroups version 2], or '''unified''', as the default cgroup mode in OpenRC since [[Release_Notes_for_Alpine_3.19.0#cgroups_v2\|v3.19]].

			To start {{ic\|cgroups}} service:{{Cmd\|# rc-service cgroups start}}
	To enable cgroups and auto mount the cgroup filesystem on boot {{Cmd\|# rc-update add cgroups}}		To enable cgroups and auto mount the cgroup filesystem on boot {{Cmd\|# rc-update add cgroups}}

	To enable hybrid cgroups, edit the file {{Path\|/etc/rc.conf}} and change the setting for {{ic\|rc_cgroup_mode}} as follows:{{Cat\|/etc/rc.conf\|rc_cgroup_mode{{=}}"hybrid"}}		To enable ''hybrid'' cgroups, the previous default, edit the file {{Path\|/etc/rc.conf}} and change the setting for {{ic\|rc_cgroup_mode}} as follows:{{Cat\|/etc/rc.conf\|rc_cgroup_mode{{=}}"hybrid"}}

	== Local service ==		== Local service ==

Prabuanand: rephrased and changed the order of sentence to add clarity

2025-09-23T04:34:24Z

rephrased and changed the order of sentence to add clarity

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:34, 23 September 2025
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	== Cgroups ==		== Cgroups ==

	OpenRC supports [https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.html cgroups v2] in the default configuration. To ~~enable hybrid cgroups, edit the file~~ {{~~Path~~\|~~/etc/rc.conf~~}} ~~and change the setting for~~ {{ic\|~~rc_cgroup_mode~~}} ~~as follows:~~{{~~Cat~~\|~~/etc/~~rc~~.conf\|rc_cgroup_mode{{=}}"hybrid"~~}}		OpenRC supports [https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.html cgroups v2] or '''unified''' in the default configuration. To start {{ic\|cgroups}} service:{{Cmd\|# rc-service cgroups start}}
			To enable cgroups and auto mount the cgroup filesystem on boot {{Cmd\|# rc-update add cgroups}}

	~~Then~~, ~~one should run~~ {{~~Cmd~~\|# rc~~-service cgroups start~~}}		To enable hybrid cgroups, edit the file {{Path\|/etc/rc.conf}} and change the setting for {{ic\|rc_cgroup_mode}} as follows:{{Cat\|/etc/rc.conf\|rc_cgroup_mode{{=}}"hybrid"}}
	~~to take effect~~ and {{~~Cmd~~\|# rc~~-update add cgroups~~}}
	~~to auto mount the cgroup filesystem on boot.~~

	== Local service ==		== Local service ==

Prabuanand: moved sentence from Writing Init Scripts page

2025-09-19T06:56:19Z

moved sentence from Writing Init Scripts page

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:56, 19 September 2025
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	Alpine Linux uses [https://github.com/OpenRC/ OpenRC] for its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Init init] system. The init system manages the services, including the boot and shutdown of your system. OpenRC also supports managing [[#User services\|services for users]].		Alpine Linux uses [https://github.com/OpenRC/ OpenRC] for its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Init init] system. The init system manages the services, including the boot and shutdown of your system. Don't confuse OpenRC init with system init (the first process that is executed aka pid 1). OpenRC also supports managing [[#User services\|services for users]].

	To learn the basics of OpenRC quickly, refer to the [https://docs.alpinelinux.org/user-handbook/0.1a/Working/openrc.html working with OpenRC] guide from the Alpine Linux documentation project.		To learn the basics of OpenRC quickly, refer to the [https://docs.alpinelinux.org/user-handbook/0.1a/Working/openrc.html working with OpenRC] guide from the Alpine Linux documentation project.

John3-16: 1. Amended various prompts back to root; 2. {{Cmd|}} formatting instead of {{ic|}} except when inline or in bullet list; `code used for variables (ServiceName, runlevel) as per Template:Cmd; 3. Style amendments`

2025-09-12T16:50:45Z

1. Amended various prompts back to root; 2. {{Cmd|}} formatting instead of {{ic|}} except when inline or in bullet list; <var> code used for variables (ServiceName, runlevel) as per Template:Cmd; 3. Style amendments

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