Alpine Linux - User contributions [en]

MariaDB

2025-06-07T02:12:33Z

Wenheping: Add a missing step

[https://mariadb.org/ MariaDB] is a community-developed fork of the MySQL relational database management system intended to remain free under the GNU GPL. It is notable for being led by the original developers of MySQL, who forked it due to concerns over its acquisition by Oracle.

== Installation ==

The Alpine Linux repositories no longer include the actual MySQL binaries, installing the <code>mysql-*</code> packages will instead install MariaDB.

Installing <code>mariadb</code> will create the user <code>mysql</code>. When the database is initialized, two users will be added to the database: <code>root</code> and <code>mysql</code>. By default these users will only be accessible if you are logged in as the corresponding system user.

{{Cmd|apk add {{pkg|mariadb|arch=}} {{pkg|mariadb-client|arch=}}}}

Installing the above packages will add the main components of MariaDB to the system: <code>mariadb-cient</code> and <code>mariadb-server</code>. Other available packages are described in the table below, and are listed in order of relevance for a production server.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! MySQL name package !! Since Alpine: !! Brief usage !! Related package
|-
| {{Pkg|mysql}} || v2 || a transitional package that installs mariadb || mariadb
|-
| {{Pkg|mysql-client}} || v2 || a transitional package that installs the mariadb client tools || mariadb-client
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb}} || v2 || server equivalent to mysql-server || mariadb-common
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-client}} || v2 || connection command line and tools || mariadb-common
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-doc}} || v3.0 || manpages for mariadb || man man-pages
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-connector-odbc}} || edge || coding or making OS level connections, to any DB without libs install || .
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-connector-c}} || v3.8 || coding connection on C sources || mariadb-connector-c-dev
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-backup}} || v3.8 || tool for physical online backups, no longer widely used || .
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-server-utils}} || v3.8 || server commands not widely used, in past was inside MariaDB package || .
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-dev}} || v3.1 || development files for MariaDB || .
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-test}} || v3.3 || testing suite from MariaDB tools || .
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-mytop}} || v3.9 || data performance monitoring || .
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-plugin-rocksdb}} || v3.9 || plain key-value event relational for data || .
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-static}} || v3.8 || static libs for static non depends linking in builds || .
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-embedded}} || v3.9 || the libmysqld identical interface as the C client || mariadb-embedded-dev
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-embedded-dev}} || v3.9 || use the normal mysql.h and link with libmysqld instead of libmysqlclient || mariadb-dev
|-
| {{Pkg|mariadb-openrc}} || v3.8 || separate scripts, in past was embebed on server package || .
|}

== Initialization ==

The version of MariaDB in the Alpine repositories behave like the MySQL tarball. No graphical tools are included.

The ''datadir'' located at {{Path|/var/lib/mysql}} must be owned by the mysql user and group. The location of the ''datadir'' can be changed by editing the <code>mariadb</code> service file in {{Path|/etc/init.d}}. The new location will also need to be set by adding <code><nowiki>datadir=<YOUR_DATADIR></nowiki></code> in the <code>[mysqld]</code> section in a mariadb configuration file.

Normal initialization of mariadb can be done as follows:

# Initialize MySQL Data Directory. <code>mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql</code>
# Start the main service. At this point there will be no root password set. <code>rc-service mariadb start</code>
# Secure the database by running <code>mysql_secure_installation</code>
# Setup permissions for managing others users and databases see: '''[[#Configuration|Configuration]]'''
# Add MariaDb to OpenRC. <code>rc-update add mariadb default</code>

== Configuration ==

In order to help with the basic configuration of the database engine, MariaDB provides [https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb-secure-installation/ mariadb-secure-installation].

Many of the reasons for running this script are no longer necessary, since MariaDB has defaulted to Unix socket authentication since MariaDB 10.4.

This script walks you through the basics of securing the database. The options are explained below.

# '''Enter current password for root (enter for none):''' If you have previously set up a root password, provide it here and press enter. If not, just press enter.
# '''Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n]''' Setting the root password or using the Unix_socket ensures that only admins can log into engine database. For non-production servers just press "n" to setup a root password, which will give you the response <code>... skipping.</code>
# '''Change the root password? [Y/n]''' Here you can change the root password, or set one if needed. Press "Y" and enter the new password.
# '''Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]''' Remove anonymous users created to log in using socket authentication. Unless you're sure you need this, answer "Y" to remove them.
# '''Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]''' Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost' in order to protect from password sniffing attempts over the network. Answer "Y".
# '''Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]''' By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. If this is not needed, answer "Y".
# '''Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]''' Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Answer "Y".

After the script exits, restart the service with <code>rc-service mariadb restart</code>

To start the database daemon on every boot, run <code>rc-update add mariadb default</code>

=== Configuration files and customization ===

Rather than being stored in {{Path|my.cnf}}, configuration settings for MariaDB are now organized in separate files. The primary configuration is done by adding files to {{Path|/etc/my.cnf.d/}}. User-specific configuration files are stored in {{Path|~/.my.cnf}}. User-specific configuration files are loaded after the system-wide configuration. The locations of the various configuration files are listed below.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Config file !! Versions of Alpine !! Contents to configure
|-
| {{Path|/etc/mysql/my.cnf}} || v2 to v3.8 || All the directives, global config file
|-
| {{Path|/etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf}} || since 3.9 || First global config file, main directives
|-
| {{path|$HOME/.my.cnf}} || all || user name only config directives
|}

As previously mentioned, this page describes basic usage of MariaDB. For professional usage, [[MySQL]] should also be referenced.

* The following command will configure the server to accept all incoming connections. This should only be done for development, or if the database is not exposed to the Internet or a sensitive network.

{{Cmd|<nowiki>sed -i "s|.*bind-address\s*=.*|bind-address=0.0.0.0|g" /etc/mysql/my.cnf
sed -i "s|.*bind-address\s*=.*|bind-address=0.0.0.0|g" /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
</nowiki>}}

* For simple installations, disabling hostname search can improve performance, but is only useful for local servers.

{{Cmd|<nowiki>sed -i "s|.*skip-networking.*|skip-networking|g" /etc/mysql/my.cnf
sed -i "s|.*skip-networking.*|skip-networking|g" /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
</nowiki>}}

== Updating or coming from upgrading ==

When upgrading between Alpine Linux releases, MariaDB may also have a major version change, and the databases should be upgraded to match. The recommended steps in this process are detailed below.

# While it may no longer be strictly necessary, it's useful to backup your databases before upgrading the database version.
# Update Alpine Linux and the MariaDB/MySQL packages.
# Install mariadb-server-utils by running <code>apk add {{pkg|mariadb-server-utils|arch=}}</code>.
# Run <code>mysql_upgrade -u root -p</code> script, and provide the password for the root database user.
# Restart the service by running <code>rc-service mariadb restart</code>.

If <code>mysql_upgrade</code> fails because MySQL cannot start, try running MySQL in safemode with <code>mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql/</code>, and then run <code>mysql_upgrade -u root -p</code> again.

= Create a user =
You may want to create a user with remote access to the database.

Open mariadb Client: <code>mariadb</code>

add the user with associated host and password: <code> CREATE OR REPLACE USER admin@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'ASecurePassword';</code>

''NB: @'%' allow connection from any host''

This is insufficient to allow remote access. See [https://mariadb.com/kb/en/configuring-mariadb-for-remote-client-access/ Configuring MariaDB for Remote Client Access].

= See Also =

* [[MySQL]]
* [[Production LAMP system: Lighttpd + PHP + MySQL]]

[[Category:Server]]
[[Category:Database]]
[[Category:Development]]
[[Category:Security]]
[[Category:Production]]

Tutorials and Howtos

2025-04-25T13:05:59Z

Wenheping: Mark redmine Deprecared, better remove it.

[[Image:package_edutainment.svg|right|link=]]
{{TOC left}}

'''Welcome to Tutorials and Howtos, a place of basic and advanced configuration tasks for your Alpine Linux.'''

'''Howtos are smaller articles''' explaining how to perform a particular task with Alpine Linux, that expects a minimal knowledge from reader to perform actions. Howto's have been organized in the below page based on the topics.

'''The [[#Tutorials|tutorials]] are hands-on''' and the reader is expected to try and achieve the goals described in each step, possibly with the help of a good example. The output in one step is the starting point for the following step.

{{Note|
* Contributors are requested to refer to [[Help:Editing]] first and make use of resources like [[How to write a HOWTO]].
* Contributions must be complete articles.
* Don't override already made contributions, unless there is a mistake.
* If you want to request a topic, please add your request in this page's [[Talk:Tutorials_and_Howtos|Discussion]].}}

== Desktop ==

* {{:Daily driver guide}}
=== Power management ===

* [[Configure action when power-button is pressed]]
* [[Suspend on LID close]]
* [[Configure Wake-on-LAN]]

=== Networking ===

* [[Bluetooth]] - Instructions for installing and configuring Bluetooth
* [[Bonding]] - Bond (or aggregate) multiple ethernet interfaces
* [[Bridge]] - Configuring a network bridge
** [[Bridge wlan0 to eth0]]
* [[Configure Networking]]
* [[How to configure static routes]]
* Modem
** [[Using HSDPA modem]]
** [[Using serial modem]]
* [[mDNS]] - Howto implement multicast DNS resolution in Alpine.
* [[Multi ISP]] ''(Dual-ISP setup with load-balancing and automatic failover)''
* [[PXE boot]]
* Wi-Fi
** [[Wi-Fi|Connecting to a wireless access point]]
** [[How to setup a wireless access point]] ''(Setting up Secure Wireless AP w/ WPA encryption with bridge to wired network)''
* [[VLAN]]

=== Security ===

* [[Securing Alpine Linux]] How to Secure Alpine Linux using Security Technical Implementation Guides (STIGs)
* Understand [[UEFI]] and enable [[UEFI Secure Boot]]

=== Backup and data migration ===

* [[Migrating data]]
* [[Rsnapshot]] - setting up periodic backups

=== Other topics ===

* [[Gaming on Alpine]]
* [[Remote Desktop Server]]
* [[Default applications|How to change default application]]
* [[CPU frequency scaling]]
* [[Mimalloc]]
* [[Enable Serial Console on Boot]]
* [[How to build the Alpine Linux kernel]]
* [[Nextcloud]] ''(Self hostable cloud suite - Dropbox Alternative)''
* [[Setting up lm_sensors]]
* [[Desktop environments and Window managers|List of supported Desktop environments and Window managers]]

== Diskless ==

* [[Alpine local backup|Alpine local backup (lbu)]] ''(Permanently store your modifications in case your box needs reboot)''
** [[Back Up a Flash Memory Installation]]
** [[Manually editing a existing apkovl]]

== Other Architectures ==

=== ARM ===

* [[Alpine on ARM]]

==== Raspberry Pi ====

* [[Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi main page]]
* [[Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker|Raspberry Pi - Bluetooth Speaker]]
* [[Linux Router with VPN on a Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi - Router with VPN]]
* [[Linux Router with VPN on a Raspberry Pi (IPv6)|Raspberry Pi - Router with VPN (IPv6)]]
* [[Classic install or sys mode on Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi - Sys mode install]]
* [[Raspberry Pi LVM on LUKS|Raspberry Pi - Sys mode install - LVM on LUKS]]
* [[RPI Video Receiver|Raspberry Pi - Video Receiver]] ''(network video decoder using Rasperry Pi and omxplayer)''
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Browser Client]] - kiosk or digital sign
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Configuring it as wireless access point -AP Mode]]
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth]]
* [[Raspberry Pi 4 - Persistent system acting as a NAS and Time Machine]]
* [[How to set up Alpine as a wireless router|Raspberry Pi Zero W - Wireless router]] ''(Setting up a firewalled, Wireless AP with wired network on a Pi Zero W)''
* [[RPI Video Receiver]]

=== IBM Z (IBM z Systems) ===

* [[s390x|s390x - Installation]]

=== PowerPC ===

* [[Ppc64le|Powerpc64le - Installation]]

== Services ==

{{Note| Services are arranged in alphabetical order.}}

=== Content management systems ===

* [[DokuWiki]] ''(Simple and easy to use wiki, no database required)''
* [[Drupal]] ''(Content Management System (CMS) written in PHP)''
* [[Kopano]] ''(Microsoft Outlook compatible Groupware)''
* [[Mahara]] ''(E-portfolio and social networking system)''
* [[MediaWiki]] ''(Free web-based wiki software application)''
* [[Pastebin]] ''(Pastebin software application)''
* [[WordPress]] ''(Web software to create website or blog)''
* [[Moodle]] ''(Online Learning Management system)''

=== Database ===

* [[MariaDB]] or [[MySQL|MySQL]]

=== DNS ===

* [[DNSCrypt-Proxy]] ''Encrypt and authenticate DNS calls from your system''
* [[Setting up nsd DNS server]]
* [[Small-Time DNS with BIND9]] ''(A simple configuration with ad blocking for your home network)''
* Unbound
** [[Setting up unbound DNS server]]
** [[Using Unbound as an Ad-blocker]] ''(Setup ad blocking for your network)''
* [[TinyDNS Format]]

=== File server ===

* [[Setting up an NFS server|nfs-server]]
* [[Setting up a Samba server|samba-server]] ''(standard file sharing)''
* [[Setting up a samba-ad-dc|samba-ad-dc]] ''(Active Directory compatible domain controller)''

=== Firewall and VPN ===

* Alpine Wall ''(a new firewall management framework)''
** [[Alpine Wall]]
** [https://git.alpinelinux.org/awall/about/ Alpine Wall User's Guide]
** [[How-To Alpine Wall]]
* [[Freeradius Active Directory Integration]]
* [[GNUnet]]
* [[IGMPproxy]]
* [[Setting up a OpenVPN server|OpenVPN server]] ''(Allowing single users or devices to remotely connect to your network)''
* [[OpenVSwitch]]
* [[Tor]]
* [[Uncomplicated Firewall|Uncomplicated Firewall or UFW]]
* [[Using Alpine on Windows domain with IPSEC isolation]]
* [[Configure a Wireguard interface (wg)|Wireguard]]

=== HTTP and web services ===

* [[Althttpd]]
* [[Apache]]
** [[Apache with php-fpm]]
** [[Setting Up Apache with PHP]]
** [[Apache authentication: NTLM Single Signon]]
* [[Darkhttpd]]
* [[Lighttpd]]
** [[Lighttpd Advanced security]]
** [[Setting Up Lighttpd With FastCGI]]
** [[Production Web server: Lighttpd|Production web server: Lighttpd‎‎]]
* [[Nginx]]
** [[Nginx as reverse proxy with acme (letsencrypt)]]
** [[Nginx with PHP]]
* Squid Proxy
** [[Obtaining user information via SNMP]] ''(Using squark-auth-snmp as a Squid authentication helper)'' 
** [[Setting up Explicit Squid Proxy]]
** [[Setting up Transparent Squid Proxy]] ''(Covers Squid proxy and URL Filtering system)''
** [[SqStat]] ''(Script to look at active squid users connections)''
* [[Tomcat]]
** [[Production LAMP system: Lighttpd + PHP + MySQL‎‎|Production LAMP system: Lighttpd + PHP + MariaDB/MySQL‎‎]]

=== IRC ===

* [[NgIRCd]] ''(Server for Internet Relay Chat/IRC)''

=== Mail ===

* [[Hosting services on Alpine]] ''(Hosting mail, webservices and other services)''
* [[Hosting Web/Email services on Alpine]]
* Exim/Dovecot
** [[Small-Time Email with Exim and Dovecot]] ''(A simple configuration for your home network.)
** [[Setting up dovecot with imap and tls]]
* [[relay email to gmail (msmtp, mailx, sendmail]]
* [[relay email (nullmailer)]]
* [[Roundcube]] ''(Webmail system)''
* [[Setting up postfix with virtual domains]]
* Server protection
** [[Setting up clamsmtp]]

=== Monitoring ===

* [[Awstats]] ''(Free log file analyzer)''
* [[Cacti: traffic analysis and monitoring network]] ''(Front-end for rrdtool networking monitor)''
* [[Cvechecker]] ''(Compare installed packages for Common Vulnerabilities Exposure)'' 
* [[Linfo]]
* [[Obtaining user information via SNMP]] ''(Using squark-auth-snmp as a Squid authentication helper)'' 
* [[PhpSysInfo]] ''(A simple application that displays information about the host it's running on)''
* [[Logcheck]] ''(log file monitoring tool)''
* [[Matomo]] ''(A real time web analytics software program)''
* [[Rasdaemon]] ''(Platform Reliability, Availability and Serviceability monitoring tool)''
* [[Setting up A Network Monitoring and Inventory System]] ''(Nagios + OpenAudit and related components)'' 
** [[Setting up NRPE daemon]] ''(Performs remote Nagios checks)'' 
* [[Setting Up Fprobe And Ntop|Ntop]] ''(NetFlow collection and analysis using a remote fprobe instance; for alpine 3.10-3.12 only)'' 
* [[SqStat]] ''(Script to look at active squid users connections)''
* [[Traffic monitoring]] 
** [[Setting up monitoring using rrdtool (and rrdcollect)]]
** [[Setting up traffic monitoring using rrdtool (and snmp)]] 
* [[Zabbix|Zabbix - the professional complete manager]] ''(Monitor and track the status of network services and hardware)''
* [[ZoneMinder video camera security and surveillance]]

=== Remote Administration ===

* ACF
** [[Changing passwords for ACF|ACF - changing passwords]]
** [[Generating SSL certs with ACF]] 
** [[setup-acf| ACF - setup]] ''(Configures ACF (webconfiguration/webmin) so you can manage your box through https)''
* [[Setting up a SSH server]] ''(Using ssh is a good way to administer your box remotely)''
** [[HOWTO OpenSSH 2FA with password and Google Authenticator |OpenSSH 2FA]] ''(A simple two factor setup for OpenSSH)''
* [[OpenVCP]] ''(VServer Control Panel)''
* [[PhpMyAdmin]] ''(Web-based administration tool for MYSQL)''
* [[PhpPgAdmin]] ''(Web-based administration tool for PostgreSQL)''
* [[Webmin]] ''(A web-based interface for Linux system)''

=== Telephony ===

* [[FreePBX|FreePBX on Alpine Linux]]
* [[Setting up Zaptel/Asterisk on Alpine]]
* [[Kamailio]] ''(SIP Server, formerly OpenSER)''

=== Other Servers ===

* [[apcupsd]] ''(UPS Monitoring with apcupsd)''
* [[Chrony and GPSD | Chrony, gpsd, and a garmin LVC 18 as a Stratum 1 NTP source ]]
* [[Glpi]] ''(Manage inventory of technical resources)''
* [[How to setup a Alpine Linux mirror]]
* [[nut-ups|NUT UPS]] ''(UPS Monitoring with Network UPS Tools)''
* [[Odoo]]
* [[Configure OpenLDAP | OpenLDAP]] ''(Installing and configuring the Alpine package for OpenLDAP)''
* [[Setting up a LLDAP server|lldap-server]] ''(Directory Server)''
* [[Setting up Transmission (bittorrent) with Clutch WebUI]]

== Software development ==

* [[Cgit]]
* [[OsTicket]] ''(Ticket system)''
* [[Patchwork]] ''(Patch review management system)''
* [[Redmine]] ''(Project management system) [Deprecated]''
* [[Request Tracker]] ''(Ticket system)''
* [[Setting up trac wiki|Trac]] ''(Enhanced wiki and issue tracking system for software development projects)''
* [[Ansible]] ''(Configuration management)''
* [[Installing Oracle Java|Oracle Java (installation)]]

== Storage ==

* [[Setting up disks manually|Manual partitioning]]
* [[Disk Replication with DRBD|DRBD: Disk Replication]]
* [[Filesystems]]
** [[Burning ISOs]]
* [[Setting up iSCSI|iSCSI Setup]]
** [[iSCSI Raid and Clustered File Systems]]
** [[Linux iSCSI Target (TCM)|iSCSI Target (TCM)/LinuxIO (LIO)]]
** [[Linux iSCSI Target (tgt)|User space iSCSI Target (tgt)]]
* [[Setting up Logical Volumes with LVM|LVM Setup]]
** [[Setting up LVM on GPT-labeled disks|LVM on GPT-labeled disks]]
** [[Installing on GPT LVM|LVM on GPT-labeled disks (updated)]]
** [[LVM on LUKS]]
* RAID
** [[Raid Administration]]
** [[Setting up a software RAID array]]
* [[ZFS]]
** [[Root on ZFS with native encryption]]
** [[Setting up ZFS on LUKS]]
* [[CEPH|CEPH]]

== Virtualization ==

* [[Docker]]
* [[Installing Alpine in a virtual machine]]
** [[Install Alpine on VMware ESXi]]
* [[KVM]] ''(Setting up Alpine as a KVM hypervisor)''
* [[LXC]] ''(Setting up a Linux container in Alpine Linux)''
* [[QEMU]]
* Xen
** [[Xen Dom0]] ''(Setting up Alpine as a dom0 for Xen hypervisor)''
** [[Xen Dom0 on USB or SD]]
** [[Create Alpine Linux PV DomU|Xen DomU (paravirtualized)]]
** [[Xen LiveCD]]
** [[Xen PCI Passthrough]]
** [[K8s]] Building a K8s Kubernetes Cluster on Alpine Linux

== Tutorials ==

* [[TTY_Autologin|TTY Autologin]]
* [[Kexec|Faster rebooting with kexec]]
* [[Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN)]] combined with [[Small Office Services]]
* [[DIY Fully working Alpine Linux for Allwinner and Other ARM SOCs]]
* [[Fault Tolerant Routing with Alpine Linux]]
* [[High Availability High Performance Web Cache]] ''(uCarp + HAProxy for High Availability Services such as Squid web proxy)''
* [[Linux iSCSI Target (TCM)]]
* [[ISP Mail Server 3.x HowTo]] ''(Postfix+PostfixAdmin+DoveCot+Roundcube+ClamAV+Spamd - A full-service ISP mail server)''
* [[Grommunio Mail Server]] ''(Mariadb+Postfix+Rspamd+Grommunio - Full-service mail server as MS exchange replacement)''
* [[Replacing non-Alpine Linux with Alpine remotely]]
* [[Setting up A Network Monitoring and Inventory System]] ''(Nagios + OpenAudit and related components)'' 
* [[Streaming Security Camera Video with VLC]]
* [[Install Alpine on a btrfs filesystem with refind as boot manager]]
* [[Compile software from source|How to Compile a software from source in Alpine Linux]]

Tutorials and Howtos

2025-04-25T12:50:43Z

Wenheping:

[[Image:package_edutainment.svg|right|link=]]
{{TOC left}}

'''Welcome to Tutorials and Howtos, a place of basic and advanced configuration tasks for your Alpine Linux.'''

'''Howtos are smaller articles''' explaining how to perform a particular task with Alpine Linux, that expects a minimal knowledge from reader to perform actions. Howto's have been organized in the below page based on the topics.

'''The [[#Tutorials|tutorials]] are hands-on''' and the reader is expected to try and achieve the goals described in each step, possibly with the help of a good example. The output in one step is the starting point for the following step.

{{Note|
* Contributors are requested to refer to [[Help:Editing]] first and make use of resources like [[How to write a HOWTO]].
* Contributions must be complete articles.
* Don't override already made contributions, unless there is a mistake.
* If you want to request a topic, please add your request in this page's [[Talk:Tutorials_and_Howtos|Discussion]].}}

== Desktop ==

* {{:Daily driver guide}}
=== Power management ===

* [[Configure action when power-button is pressed]]
* [[Suspend on LID close]]
* [[Configure Wake-on-LAN]]

=== Networking ===

* [[Bluetooth]] - Instructions for installing and configuring Bluetooth
* [[Bonding]] - Bond (or aggregate) multiple ethernet interfaces
* [[Bridge]] - Configuring a network bridge
** [[Bridge wlan0 to eth0]]
* [[Configure Networking]]
* [[How to configure static routes]]
* Modem
** [[Using HSDPA modem]]
** [[Using serial modem]]
* [[mDNS]] - Howto implement multicast DNS resolution in Alpine.
* [[Multi ISP]] ''(Dual-ISP setup with load-balancing and automatic failover)''
* [[PXE boot]]
* Wi-Fi
** [[Wi-Fi|Connecting to a wireless access point]]
** [[How to setup a wireless access point]] ''(Setting up Secure Wireless AP w/ WPA encryption with bridge to wired network)''
* [[VLAN]]

=== Security ===

* [[Securing Alpine Linux]] How to Secure Alpine Linux using Security Technical Implementation Guides (STIGs)
* Understand [[UEFI]] and enable [[UEFI Secure Boot]]

=== Backup and data migration ===

* [[Migrating data]]
* [[Rsnapshot]] - setting up periodic backups

=== Other topics ===

* [[Gaming on Alpine]]
* [[Remote Desktop Server]]
* [[Default applications|How to change default application]]
* [[CPU frequency scaling]]
* [[Mimalloc]]
* [[Enable Serial Console on Boot]]
* [[How to build the Alpine Linux kernel]]
* [[Nextcloud]] ''(Self hostable cloud suite - Dropbox Alternative)''
* [[Setting up lm_sensors]]
* [[Desktop environments and Window managers|List of supported Desktop environments and Window managers]]

== Diskless ==

* [[Alpine local backup|Alpine local backup (lbu)]] ''(Permanently store your modifications in case your box needs reboot)''
** [[Back Up a Flash Memory Installation]]
** [[Manually editing a existing apkovl]]

== Other Architectures ==

=== ARM ===

* [[Alpine on ARM]]

==== Raspberry Pi ====

* [[Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi main page]]
* [[Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker|Raspberry Pi - Bluetooth Speaker]]
* [[Linux Router with VPN on a Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi - Router with VPN]]
* [[Linux Router with VPN on a Raspberry Pi (IPv6)|Raspberry Pi - Router with VPN (IPv6)]]
* [[Classic install or sys mode on Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi - Sys mode install]]
* [[Raspberry Pi LVM on LUKS|Raspberry Pi - Sys mode install - LVM on LUKS]]
* [[RPI Video Receiver|Raspberry Pi - Video Receiver]] ''(network video decoder using Rasperry Pi and omxplayer)''
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Browser Client]] - kiosk or digital sign
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Configuring it as wireless access point -AP Mode]]
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth]]
* [[Raspberry Pi 4 - Persistent system acting as a NAS and Time Machine]]
* [[How to set up Alpine as a wireless router|Raspberry Pi Zero W - Wireless router]] ''(Setting up a firewalled, Wireless AP with wired network on a Pi Zero W)''
* [[RPI Video Receiver]]

=== IBM Z (IBM z Systems) ===

* [[s390x|s390x - Installation]]

=== PowerPC ===

* [[Ppc64le|Powerpc64le - Installation]]

== Services ==

{{Note| Services are arranged in alphabetical order.}}

=== Content management systems ===

* [[DokuWiki]] ''(Simple and easy to use wiki, no database required)''
* [[Drupal]] ''(Content Management System (CMS) written in PHP)''
* [[Kopano]] ''(Microsoft Outlook compatible Groupware)''
* [[Mahara]] ''(E-portfolio and social networking system)''
* [[MediaWiki]] ''(Free web-based wiki software application)''
* [[Pastebin]] ''(Pastebin software application)''
* [[WordPress]] ''(Web software to create website or blog)''
* [[Moodle]] ''(Online Learning Management system)''

=== Database ===

* [[MariaDB]] or [[MySQL|MySQL]]

=== DNS ===

* [[DNSCrypt-Proxy]] ''Encrypt and authenticate DNS calls from your system''
* [[Setting up nsd DNS server]]
* [[Small-Time DNS with BIND9]] ''(A simple configuration with ad blocking for your home network)''
* Unbound
** [[Setting up unbound DNS server]]
** [[Using Unbound as an Ad-blocker]] ''(Setup ad blocking for your network)''
* [[TinyDNS Format]]

=== File server ===

* [[Setting up an NFS server|nfs-server]]
* [[Setting up a Samba server|samba-server]] ''(standard file sharing)''
* [[Setting up a samba-ad-dc|samba-ad-dc]] ''(Active Directory compatible domain controller)''

=== Firewall and VPN ===

* Alpine Wall ''(a new firewall management framework)''
** [[Alpine Wall]]
** [https://git.alpinelinux.org/awall/about/ Alpine Wall User's Guide]
** [[How-To Alpine Wall]]
* [[Freeradius Active Directory Integration]]
* [[GNUnet]]
* [[IGMPproxy]]
* [[Setting up a OpenVPN server|OpenVPN server]] ''(Allowing single users or devices to remotely connect to your network)''
* [[OpenVSwitch]]
* [[Tor]]
* [[Uncomplicated Firewall|Uncomplicated Firewall or UFW]]
* [[Using Alpine on Windows domain with IPSEC isolation]]
* [[Configure a Wireguard interface (wg)|Wireguard]]

=== HTTP and web services ===

* [[Althttpd]]
* [[Apache]]
** [[Apache with php-fpm]]
** [[Setting Up Apache with PHP]]
** [[Apache authentication: NTLM Single Signon]]
* [[Darkhttpd]]
* [[Lighttpd]]
** [[Lighttpd Advanced security]]
** [[Setting Up Lighttpd With FastCGI]]
** [[Production Web server: Lighttpd|Production web server: Lighttpd‎‎]]
* [[Nginx]]
** [[Nginx as reverse proxy with acme (letsencrypt)]]
** [[Nginx with PHP]]
* Squid Proxy
** [[Obtaining user information via SNMP]] ''(Using squark-auth-snmp as a Squid authentication helper)'' 
** [[Setting up Explicit Squid Proxy]]
** [[Setting up Transparent Squid Proxy]] ''(Covers Squid proxy and URL Filtering system)''
** [[SqStat]] ''(Script to look at active squid users connections)''
* [[Tomcat]]
** [[Production LAMP system: Lighttpd + PHP + MySQL‎‎|Production LAMP system: Lighttpd + PHP + MariaDB/MySQL‎‎]]

=== IRC ===

* [[NgIRCd]] ''(Server for Internet Relay Chat/IRC)''

=== Mail ===

* [[Hosting services on Alpine]] ''(Hosting mail, webservices and other services)''
* [[Hosting Web/Email services on Alpine]]
* Exim/Dovecot
** [[Small-Time Email with Exim and Dovecot]] ''(A simple configuration for your home network.)
** [[Setting up dovecot with imap and tls]]
* [[relay email to gmail (msmtp, mailx, sendmail]]
* [[relay email (nullmailer)]]
* [[Roundcube]] ''(Webmail system)''
* [[Setting up postfix with virtual domains]]
* Server protection
** [[Setting up clamsmtp]]

=== Monitoring ===

* [[Awstats]] ''(Free log file analyzer)''
* [[Cacti: traffic analysis and monitoring network]] ''(Front-end for rrdtool networking monitor)''
* [[Cvechecker]] ''(Compare installed packages for Common Vulnerabilities Exposure)'' 
* [[Linfo]]
* [[Obtaining user information via SNMP]] ''(Using squark-auth-snmp as a Squid authentication helper)'' 
* [[PhpSysInfo]] ''(A simple application that displays information about the host it's running on)''
* [[Logcheck]] ''(log file monitoring tool)''
* [[Matomo]] ''(A real time web analytics software program)''
* [[Rasdaemon]] ''(Platform Reliability, Availability and Serviceability monitoring tool)''
* [[Setting up A Network Monitoring and Inventory System]] ''(Nagios + OpenAudit and related components)'' 
** [[Setting up NRPE daemon]] ''(Performs remote Nagios checks)'' 
* [[Setting Up Fprobe And Ntop|Ntop]] ''(NetFlow collection and analysis using a remote fprobe instance; for alpine 3.10-3.12 only)'' 
* [[SqStat]] ''(Script to look at active squid users connections)''
* [[Traffic monitoring]] 
** [[Setting up monitoring using rrdtool (and rrdcollect)]]
** [[Setting up traffic monitoring using rrdtool (and snmp)]] 
* [[Zabbix|Zabbix - the professional complete manager]] ''(Monitor and track the status of network services and hardware)''
* [[ZoneMinder video camera security and surveillance]]

=== Remote Administration ===

* ACF
** [[Changing passwords for ACF|ACF - changing passwords]]
** [[Generating SSL certs with ACF]] 
** [[setup-acf| ACF - setup]] ''(Configures ACF (webconfiguration/webmin) so you can manage your box through https)''
* [[Setting up a SSH server]] ''(Using ssh is a good way to administer your box remotely)''
** [[HOWTO OpenSSH 2FA with password and Google Authenticator |OpenSSH 2FA]] ''(A simple two factor setup for OpenSSH)''
* [[OpenVCP]] ''(VServer Control Panel)''
* [[PhpMyAdmin]] ''(Web-based administration tool for MYSQL)''
* [[PhpPgAdmin]] ''(Web-based administration tool for PostgreSQL)''
* [[Webmin]] ''(A web-based interface for Linux system)''

=== Telephony ===

* [[FreePBX|FreePBX on Alpine Linux]]
* [[Setting up Zaptel/Asterisk on Alpine]]
* [[Kamailio]] ''(SIP Server, formerly OpenSER)''

=== Other Servers ===

* [[apcupsd]] ''(UPS Monitoring with apcupsd)''
* [[Chrony and GPSD | Chrony, gpsd, and a garmin LVC 18 as a Stratum 1 NTP source ]]
* [[Glpi]] ''(Manage inventory of technical resources)''
* [[How to setup a Alpine Linux mirror]]
* [[nut-ups|NUT UPS]] ''(UPS Monitoring with Network UPS Tools)''
* [[Odoo]]
* [[Configure OpenLDAP | OpenLDAP]] ''(Installing and configuring the Alpine package for OpenLDAP)''
* [[Setting up a LLDAP server|lldap-server]] ''(Directory Server)''
* [[Setting up Transmission (bittorrent) with Clutch WebUI]]

== Software development ==

* [[Cgit]]
* [[OsTicket]] ''(Ticket system)''
* [[Patchwork]] ''(Patch review management system)''
* [[Redmine]] ''(Project management system)''
* [[Request Tracker]] ''(Ticket system)''
* [[Setting up trac wiki|Trac]] ''(Enhanced wiki and issue tracking system for software development projects)''
* [[Ansible]] ''(Configuration management)''
* [[Installing Oracle Java|Oracle Java (installation)]]

== Storage ==

* [[Setting up disks manually|Manual partitioning]]
* [[Disk Replication with DRBD|DRBD: Disk Replication]]
* [[Filesystems]]
** [[Burning ISOs]]
* [[Setting up iSCSI|iSCSI Setup]]
** [[iSCSI Raid and Clustered File Systems]]
** [[Linux iSCSI Target (TCM)|iSCSI Target (TCM)/LinuxIO (LIO)]]
** [[Linux iSCSI Target (tgt)|User space iSCSI Target (tgt)]]
* [[Setting up Logical Volumes with LVM|LVM Setup]]
** [[Setting up LVM on GPT-labeled disks|LVM on GPT-labeled disks]]
** [[Installing on GPT LVM|LVM on GPT-labeled disks (updated)]]
** [[LVM on LUKS]]
* RAID
** [[Raid Administration]]
** [[Setting up a software RAID array]]
* [[ZFS]]
** [[Root on ZFS with native encryption]]
** [[Setting up ZFS on LUKS]]
* [[CEPH|CEPH]]

== Virtualization ==

* [[Docker]]
* [[Installing Alpine in a virtual machine]]
** [[Install Alpine on VMware ESXi]]
* [[KVM]] ''(Setting up Alpine as a KVM hypervisor)''
* [[LXC]] ''(Setting up a Linux container in Alpine Linux)''
* [[QEMU]]
* Xen
** [[Xen Dom0]] ''(Setting up Alpine as a dom0 for Xen hypervisor)''
** [[Xen Dom0 on USB or SD]]
** [[Create Alpine Linux PV DomU|Xen DomU (paravirtualized)]]
** [[Xen LiveCD]]
** [[Xen PCI Passthrough]]
** [[K8s]] Building a K8s Kubernetes Cluster on Alpine Linux

== Tutorials ==

* [[TTY_Autologin|TTY Autologin]]
* [[Kexec|Faster rebooting with kexec]]
* [[Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN)]] combined with [[Small Office Services]]
* [[DIY Fully working Alpine Linux for Allwinner and Other ARM SOCs]]
* [[Fault Tolerant Routing with Alpine Linux]]
* [[High Availability High Performance Web Cache]] ''(uCarp + HAProxy for High Availability Services such as Squid web proxy)''
* [[Linux iSCSI Target (TCM)]]
* [[ISP Mail Server 3.x HowTo]] ''(Postfix+PostfixAdmin+DoveCot+Roundcube+ClamAV+Spamd - A full-service ISP mail server)''
* [[Grommunio Mail Server]] ''(Mariadb+Postfix+Rspamd+Grommunio - Full-service mail server as MS exchange replacement)''
* [[Replacing non-Alpine Linux with Alpine remotely]]
* [[Setting up A Network Monitoring and Inventory System]] ''(Nagios + OpenAudit and related components)'' 
* [[Streaming Security Camera Video with VLC]]
* [[Install Alpine on a btrfs filesystem with refind as boot manager]]
* [[Compile software from source|How to Compile a software from source in Alpine Linux]]

Moodle

2025-02-27T07:27:44Z

Wenheping:

Installing Moodle on Alpine Linux

Moodle is one of the most well-known open-source learning management systems. The following steps have been tested on a fresh installation of Alpine Linux 3.21.3.

'''1. Install Apache2 Server'''
# apk add apache2
# rc-service apache2 start # Start the service
# rc-update add apache2 # Enable auto-start on boot

Configuration file location: /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
Web root directory: /var/www/localhost/htdocs
Log file location: /var/log/apache2

Verify the installation by opening the client browser and checking for the "It works!" success page.

'''2. Install PHP and Configure Apache2 to Support PHP'''
# apk add php php-apache2

The current default installed PHP version is 8.3. The configuration files to enable PHP support in Apache2 are automatically generated and installed, which is great!
It is recommended to add index.php to the appropriate location in the Apache2 configuration file for convenience in later steps.

At least one parameter in the default PHP configuration file needs to be adjusted; otherwise, the installation will fail:
# vi /etc/php/php83/php.ini
Locate the max_input_vars parameter, remove the comment symbol (;), and change the default value from 1000 to 5000.

After making the change, restart Apache2 to apply the PHP configuration:
# rc-service apache2 restart

Create a test file test.php in the web root directory:
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
Then, enter the following URL in the client browser:
http://your-ip/test.php
You should see a detailed page displaying various PHP parameters.

'''3. Install MariaDB Database Server'''
#apk add mariadb mariadb-client

Prepare the necessary directories and permissions:
# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql
# chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
# /etc/init.d/mariadb setup

Start the MariaDB service and enable auto-start on boot:
# rc-service mariadb start
# rc-update add mariadb

It is also recommended to perform security configurations and set a password for the database superuser:
# mysql_secure_installation

'''4. Install Required PHP Modules'''
Moodle requires many additional PHP modules. Install them all at once:
# apk add php-ctype php-curl php-dom php-exif php-fileinfo php-gd php-iconv php-intl php-mbstring php-mysqli php-opcache php-session php-simplexml php-soap php-sodium php-tokenizer php-xml php-xmlreader php-zip

If any modules are missing, Moodle will detect them during the client-side installation, and you can install them later.
Don’t forget to restart Apache2 to apply the changes:
# rc-service apache2 restart

'''5. Install Moodle'''
# cd /var/www/localhost
# chown apache:apache moodledata
# cd /var/www/localhost/htdocs
# wget https://packaging.moodle.org/stable405/moodle-4.5.2.tgz
(The latest version is 4.5.2, but you can download a newer version from the official website: www.moodle.org)
# tar zxvf moodle-4.5.2.tgz

The remaining installation steps must be completed in the client browser:
http://your-ip/moodle
If the previous steps were completed without errors, the client-side installation should proceed smoothly. Follow the on-screen prompts and click "Next" as needed. During the process, a Moodle configuration file (config.php) will be generated, which needs to be manually copied to the Moodle root directory. (Alternatively, you can set the Moodle directory to a+w permissions to avoid this step, but this reduces security.)

This guide should help you successfully install Moodle on Alpine Linux!

Moodle

2025-02-27T07:24:19Z

Wenheping:

Installing Moodle on Alpine Linux

Moodle is one of the most well-known open-source learning management systems. The following steps have been tested on a fresh installation of Alpine Linux 3.21.3.

'''1. Install Apache2 Server'''
# apk add apache2
# rc-service apache2 start # Start the service
# rc-update add apache2 # Enable auto-start on boot

Configuration file location: /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
Web root directory: /var/www/localhost/htdocs
Log file location: /var/log/apache2

Verify the installation by opening the client browser and checking for the "It works!" success page.

'''2. Install PHP and Configure Apache2 to Support PHP'''

# apk add php php-apache2

The current default installed PHP version is 8.3. The configuration files to enable PHP support in Apache2 are automatically generated and installed, which is great!
It is recommended to add index.php to the appropriate location in the Apache2 configuration file for convenience in later steps.

At least one parameter in the default PHP configuration file needs to be adjusted; otherwise, the installation will fail:
# vi /etc/php/php83/php.ini
Locate the max_input_vars parameter, remove the comment symbol (;), and change the default value from 1000 to 5000.

After making the change, restart Apache2 to apply the PHP configuration:
# rc-service apache2 restart

Create a test file test.php in the web root directory:
<?php phpinfo(); ?>

Then, enter the following URL in the client browser:
http://your-ip/test.php

You should see a detailed page displaying various PHP parameters.

3. Install MariaDB Database Server
# apk add mariadb mariadb-client

Prepare the necessary directories and permissions:
# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql
# chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
# /etc/init.d/mariadb setup

Start the MariaDB service and enable auto-start on boot:
# rc-service mariadb start
# rc-update add mariadb

It is also recommended to perform security configurations and set a password for the database superuser:
# mysql_secure_installation

4. Install Required PHP Modules
Moodle requires many additional PHP modules. Install them all at once:
# apk add php-ctype php-curl php-dom php-exif php-fileinfo php-gd php-iconv php-intl php-mbstring php-mysqli php-opcache php-session php-simplexml php-soap php-sodium php-tokenizer php-xml php-xmlreader php-zip

If any modules are missing, Moodle will detect them during the client-side installation, and you can install them later.

Don’t forget to restart Apache2 to apply the changes:
# rc-service apache2 restart

5. Install Moodle
# cd /var/www/localhost
# chown apache:apache moodledata
# cd /var/www/localhost/htdocs
# wget https://packaging.moodle.org/stable405/moodle-4.5.2.tgz

(The latest version is 4.5.2, but you can download a newer version from the official website: www.moodle.org)
Extract the downloaded file:
# tar zxvf moodle-4.5.2.tgz

The remaining installation steps must be completed in the client browser:
http://your-ip/moodle

If the previous steps were completed without errors, the client-side installation should proceed smoothly. Follow the on-screen prompts and click "Next" as needed. During the process, a Moodle configuration file (config.php) will be generated, which needs to be manually copied to the Moodle root directory.
(Alternatively, you can set the Moodle directory to a+w permissions to avoid this step, but this reduces security.)

This guide should help you successfully install Moodle on Alpine Linux!

Moodle

2025-02-27T07:22:21Z

Wenheping: Created page with "Installing Moodle on Alpine Linux Moodle is one of the most well-known open-source learning management systems. The following steps have been tested on a fresh installation of Alpine Linux 3.21.3. 1. Install Apache2 Server # apk add apache2 # rc-service apache2 start # Start the service # rc-update add apache2 # Enable auto-start on boot Configuration file location: /etc/apache2/httpd.conf Web root directory: /var/www/localhost/htdocs Log file location..."

Installing Moodle on Alpine Linux

Moodle is one of the most well-known open-source learning management systems. The following steps have been tested on a fresh installation of Alpine Linux 3.21.3.
1. Install Apache2 Server

# apk add apache2
# rc-service apache2 start # Start the service
# rc-update add apache2 # Enable auto-start on boot

Configuration file location: /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
Web root directory: /var/www/localhost/htdocs
Log file location: /var/log/apache2

Verify the installation by opening the client browser and checking for the "It works!" success page.

2. Install PHP and Configure Apache2 to Support PHP

# apk add php php-apache2

The current default installed PHP version is 8.3. The configuration files to enable PHP support in Apache2 are automatically generated and installed, which is great!
It is recommended to add index.php to the appropriate location in the Apache2 configuration file for convenience in later steps.

At least one parameter in the default PHP configuration file needs to be adjusted; otherwise, the installation will fail:
# vi /etc/php/php83/php.ini
Locate the max_input_vars parameter, remove the comment symbol (;), and change the default value from 1000 to 5000.

After making the change, restart Apache2 to apply the PHP configuration:
# rc-service apache2 restart

Create a test file test.php in the web root directory:
<?php phpinfo(); ?>

Then, enter the following URL in the client browser:
http://your-ip/test.php

You should see a detailed page displaying various PHP parameters.

3. Install MariaDB Database Server
# apk add mariadb mariadb-client

Prepare the necessary directories and permissions:
# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql
# chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
# /etc/init.d/mariadb setup

Start the MariaDB service and enable auto-start on boot:
# rc-service mariadb start
# rc-update add mariadb

It is also recommended to perform security configurations and set a password for the database superuser:
# mysql_secure_installation

4. Install Required PHP Modules
Moodle requires many additional PHP modules. Install them all at once:
# apk add php-ctype php-curl php-dom php-exif php-fileinfo php-gd php-iconv php-intl php-mbstring php-mysqli php-opcache php-session php-simplexml php-soap php-sodium php-tokenizer php-xml php-xmlreader php-zip

If any modules are missing, Moodle will detect them during the client-side installation, and you can install them later.

Don’t forget to restart Apache2 to apply the changes:
# rc-service apache2 restart

5. Install Moodle
# cd /var/www/localhost
# chown apache:apache moodledata
# cd /var/www/localhost/htdocs
# wget https://packaging.moodle.org/stable405/moodle-4.5.2.tgz

(The latest version is 4.5.2, but you can download a newer version from the official website: www.moodle.org)
Extract the downloaded file:
# tar zxvf moodle-4.5.2.tgz

The remaining installation steps must be completed in the client browser:
http://your-ip/moodle

If the previous steps were completed without errors, the client-side installation should proceed smoothly. Follow the on-screen prompts and click "Next" as needed. During the process, a Moodle configuration file (config.php) will be generated, which needs to be manually copied to the Moodle root directory.
(Alternatively, you can set the Moodle directory to a+w permissions to avoid this step, but this reduces security.)

This guide should help you successfully install Moodle on Alpine Linux!

Tutorials and Howtos

2025-02-27T07:21:12Z

Wenheping: /* Content management systems */

[[Image:package_edutainment.svg|right|link=]]
{{TOC left}}

'''Welcome to Tutorials and Howtos, a place of basic and advanced configuration tasks for your Alpine Linux.'''

'''Howtos are smaller articles''' explaining how to perform a particular task with Alpine Linux, that expects a minimal knowledge from reader to perform actions. Howto's have been organized in the below page based on the topics.

'''The [[#Tutorials|tutorials]] are hands-on''' and the reader is expected to try and achieve the goals described in each step, possibly with the help of a good example. The output in one step is the starting point for the following step.

{{Note|
* Contributors are requested to refer to [[Help:Editing]] first and make use of resources like [[How to write a HOWTO]].
* Contributions must be complete articles.
* Don't override already made contributions, unless there is a mistake.
* If you want to request a topic, please add your request in this page's [[Talk:Tutorials_and_Howtos|Discussion]].}}

== Desktop ==

* {{:Daily driver guide}}
=== Power management ===

* [[Configure action when power-button is pressed]]
* [[Suspend on LID close]]
* [[Configure Wake-on-LAN]]

=== Networking ===

* [[Bluetooth]] - Instructions for installing and configuring Bluetooth
* [[Bonding]] - Bond (or aggregate) multiple ethernet interfaces
* [[Bridge]] - Configuring a network bridge
** [[Bridge wlan0 to eth0]]
* [[Configure Networking]]
* [[How to configure static routes]]
* Modem
** [[Using HSDPA modem]]
** [[Using serial modem]]
* [[mDNS]] - Howto implement multicast DNS resolution in Alpine.
* [[Multi ISP]] ''(Dual-ISP setup with load-balancing and automatic failover)''
* [[PXE boot]]
* Wi-Fi
** [[Wi-Fi|Connecting to a wireless access point]]
** [[How to setup a wireless access point]] ''(Setting up Secure Wireless AP w/ WPA encryption with bridge to wired network)''
* [[VLAN]]

=== Security ===

* [[Securing Alpine Linux]] How to Secure Alpine Linux using Security Technical Implementation Guides (STIGs)
* Understand [[UEFI]] and enable [[UEFI Secure Boot]]

=== Backup and data migration ===

* [[Migrating data]]
* [[Rsnapshot]] - setting up periodic backups

=== Other topics ===

* [[Gaming on Alpine]]
* [[Remote Desktop Server]]
* [[Default applications|How to change default application]]
* [[CPU frequency scaling]]
* [[Mimalloc]]
* [[Enable Serial Console on Boot]]
* [[How to build the Alpine Linux kernel]]
* [[Nextcloud]] ''(Self hostable cloud suite - Dropbox Alternative)''
* [[Setting up lm_sensors]]
* [[Desktop environments and Window managers|List of supported Desktop environments and Window managers]]

== Diskless ==

* [[Alpine local backup|Alpine local backup (lbu)]] ''(Permanently store your modifications in case your box needs reboot)''
** [[Back Up a Flash Memory Installation]]
** [[Manually editing a existing apkovl]]

== Other Architectures ==

=== ARM ===

* [[Alpine on ARM]]

==== Raspberry Pi ====

* [[Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi main page]]
* [[Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker|Raspberry Pi - Bluetooth Speaker]]
* [[Linux Router with VPN on a Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi - Router with VPN]]
* [[Linux Router with VPN on a Raspberry Pi (IPv6)|Raspberry Pi - Router with VPN (IPv6)]]
* [[Classic install or sys mode on Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi - Sys mode install]]
* [[Raspberry Pi LVM on LUKS|Raspberry Pi - Sys mode install - LVM on LUKS]]
* [[RPI Video Receiver|Raspberry Pi - Video Receiver]] ''(network video decoder using Rasperry Pi and omxplayer)''
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Browser Client]] - kiosk or digital sign
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Configuring it as wireless access point -AP Mode]]
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth]]
* [[Raspberry Pi 4 - Persistent system acting as a NAS and Time Machine]]
* [[How to set up Alpine as a wireless router|Raspberry Pi Zero W - Wireless router]] ''(Setting up a firewalled, Wireless AP with wired network on a Pi Zero W)''
* [[RPI Video Receiver]]

=== IBM Z (IBM z Systems) ===

* [[s390x|s390x - Installation]]

=== PowerPC ===

* [[Ppc64le|Powerpc64le - Installation]]

== Services ==

{{Note| Services are arranged in alphabetical order.}}

=== Content management systems ===

* [[DokuWiki]]
* [[Drupal]] ''(Content Management System (CMS) written in PHP)''
* [[Kopano]] ''(Microsoft Outlook compatible Groupware)''
* [[Mahara]] ''(E-portfolio and social networking system)''
* [[MediaWiki]] ''(Free web-based wiki software application)''
* [[Pastebin]] ''(Pastebin software application)''
* [[WordPress]] ''(Web software to create website or blog)''
* [[Moodle]] ''(Online Learning Management system)''

=== Database ===

* [[MySQL|MySQL]]

=== DNS ===

* [[DNSCrypt-Proxy]] ''Encrypt and authenticate DNS calls from your system''
* [[Setting up nsd DNS server]]
* [[Small-Time DNS with BIND9]] ''(A simple configuration with ad blocking for your home network)''
* Unbound
** [[Setting up unbound DNS server]]
** [[Using Unbound as an Ad-blocker]] ''(Setup ad blocking for your network)''
* [[TinyDNS Format]]

=== File server ===

* [[Setting up an NFS server|nfs-server]]
* [[Setting up a Samba server|samba-server]] ''(standard file sharing)''
* [[Setting up a samba-ad-dc|samba-ad-dc]] ''(Active Directory compatible domain controller)''

=== Firewall and VPN ===

* Alpine Wall ''(a new firewall management framework)''
** [[Alpine Wall]]
** [https://git.alpinelinux.org/awall/about/ Alpine Wall User's Guide]
** [[How-To Alpine Wall]]
* [[Freeradius Active Directory Integration]]
* [[GNUnet]]
* [[Setting up a OpenVPN server|OpenVPN server]] ''(Allowing single users or devices to remotely connect to your network)''
* [[OpenVSwitch]]
* [[Using Alpine on Windows domain with IPSEC isolation]]
* [[Configure a Wireguard interface (wg)|Wireguard]]
* [[IGMPproxy]]

=== HTTP and web services ===

* [[Apache]]
** [[Apache with php-fpm]]
** [[Setting Up Apache with PHP]]
** [[Apache authentication: NTLM Single Signon]]
* [[Darkhttpd]]
* [[Lighttpd]]
** [[Lighttpd Advanced security]]
** [[Setting Up Lighttpd With FastCGI]]
** [[Production Web server: Lighttpd|Production web server: Lighttpd‎‎]]
* [[Nginx]]
** [[Nginx as reverse proxy with acme (letsencrypt)]]
** [[Nginx with PHP]]
* Squid Proxy
** [[Obtaining user information via SNMP]] ''(Using squark-auth-snmp as a Squid authentication helper)'' 
** [[Setting up Explicit Squid Proxy]]
** [[Setting up Transparent Squid Proxy]] ''(Covers Squid proxy and URL Filtering system)''
** [[SqStat]] ''(Script to look at active squid users connections)''
* [[Tomcat]]
** [[Production LAMP system: Lighttpd + PHP + MySQL‎‎]]

=== IRC ===

* [[NgIRCd]] ''(Server for Internet Relay Chat/IRC)''

=== Mail ===

* [[Hosting services on Alpine]] ''(Hosting mail, webservices and other services)''
* [[Hosting Web/Email services on Alpine]]
* Exim/Dovecot
** [[Small-Time Email with Exim and Dovecot]] ''(A simple configuration for your home network.)
** [[Setting up dovecot with imap and tls]]
* [[relay email to gmail (msmtp, mailx, sendmail]]
* [[relay email (nullmailer)]]
* [[Roundcube]] ''(Webmail system)''
* [[Setting up postfix with virtual domains]]
* Server protection
** [[Setting up clamsmtp]]

=== Monitoring ===

* [[Awstats]] ''(Free log file analyzer)''
* [[Cacti: traffic analysis and monitoring network]] ''(Front-end for rrdtool networking monitor)''
* [[Cvechecker]] ''(Compare installed packages for Common Vulnerabilities Exposure)'' 
* [[Linfo]]
* [[Obtaining user information via SNMP]] ''(Using squark-auth-snmp as a Squid authentication helper)'' 
* [[PhpSysInfo]] ''(A simple application that displays information about the host it's running on)''
* [[Logcheck]] ''(log file monitoring tool)''
* [[Matomo]] ''(A real time web analytics software program)''
* [[Rasdaemon]] ''(Platform Reliability, Availability and Serviceability monitoring tool)''
* [[Setting up A Network Monitoring and Inventory System]] ''(Nagios + OpenAudit and related components)'' 
** [[Setting up NRPE daemon]] ''(Performs remote Nagios checks)'' 
* [[Setting Up Fprobe And Ntop|Ntop]] ''(NetFlow collection and analysis using a remote fprobe instance; for alpine 3.10-3.12 only)'' 
* [[SqStat]] ''(Script to look at active squid users connections)''
* [[Traffic monitoring]] 
** [[Setting up monitoring using rrdtool (and rrdcollect)]]
** [[Setting up traffic monitoring using rrdtool (and snmp)]] 
* [[Zabbix|Zabbix - the professional complete manager]] ''(Monitor and track the status of network services and hardware)''
* [[ZoneMinder video camera security and surveillance]]

=== Remote Administration ===

* ACF
** [[Changing passwords for ACF|ACF - changing passwords]]
** [[Generating SSL certs with ACF]] 
** [[setup-acf| ACF - setup]] ''(Configures ACF (webconfiguration/webmin) so you can manage your box through https)''
* [[Setting up a SSH server]] ''(Using ssh is a good way to administer your box remotely)''
** [[HOWTO OpenSSH 2FA with password and Google Authenticator |OpenSSH 2FA]] ''(A simple two factor setup for OpenSSH)''
* [[OpenVCP]] ''(VServer Control Panel)''
* [[PhpMyAdmin]] ''(Web-based administration tool for MYSQL)''
* [[PhpPgAdmin]] ''(Web-based administration tool for PostgreSQL)''
* [[Webmin]] ''(A web-based interface for Linux system)''

=== Telephony ===

* [[FreePBX|FreePBX on Alpine Linux]]
* [[Setting up Zaptel/Asterisk on Alpine]]
* [[Kamailio]] ''(SIP Server, formerly OpenSER)''

=== Other Servers ===

* [[apcupsd]] ''(UPS Monitoring with apcupsd)''
* [[Chrony and GPSD | Chrony, gpsd, and a garmin LVC 18 as a Stratum 1 NTP source ]]
* [[Glpi]] ''(Manage inventory of technical resources)''
* [[How to setup a Alpine Linux mirror]]
* [[nut-ups|NUT UPS]] ''(UPS Monitoring with Network UPS Tools)''
* [[Odoo]]
* [[Configure OpenLDAP | OpenLDAP]] ''(Installing and configuring the Alpine package for OpenLDAP)''
* [[Setting up a LLDAP server|lldap-server]] ''(Directory Server)''
* [[Setting up Transmission (bittorrent) with Clutch WebUI]]

== Software development ==

* [[Cgit]]
* [[OsTicket]] ''(Ticket system)''
* [[Patchwork]] ''(Patch review management system)''
* [[Redmine]] ''(Project management system)''
* [[Request Tracker]] ''(Ticket system)''
* [[Setting up trac wiki|Trac]] ''(Enhanced wiki and issue tracking system for software development projects)''
* [[Ansible]] ''(Configuration management)''
* [[Installing Oracle Java|Oracle Java (installation)]]

== Storage ==

* [[Setting up disks manually|Manual partitioning]]
* [[Disk Replication with DRBD|DRBD: Disk Replication]]
* [[Filesystems]]
** [[Burning ISOs]]
* [[Setting up iSCSI|iSCSI Setup]]
** [[iSCSI Raid and Clustered File Systems]]
** [[Linux iSCSI Target (TCM)|iSCSI Target (TCM)/LinuxIO (LIO)]]
** [[Linux iSCSI Target (tgt)|User space iSCSI Target (tgt)]]
* [[Setting up Logical Volumes with LVM|LVM Setup]]
** [[Setting up LVM on GPT-labeled disks|LVM on GPT-labeled disks]]
** [[Installing on GPT LVM|LVM on GPT-labeled disks (updated)]]
** [[LVM on LUKS]]
* RAID
** [[Raid Administration]]
** [[Setting up a software RAID array]]
* ZFS
** [[Root on ZFS with native encryption]]
** [[Setting up ZFS on LUKS]]
** [[Setting up ZFS with native encryption]]
** [[ZFS scrub and trim]]
* [[CEPH|CEPH]]

== Virtualization ==

* [[Docker]]
* [[Installing Alpine in a virtual machine]]
** [[Install Alpine on VMware ESXi]]
* [[KVM]] ''(Setting up Alpine as a KVM hypervisor)''
* [[LXC]] ''(Setting up a Linux container in Alpine Linux)''
* [[QEMU]]
* Xen
** [[Xen Dom0]] ''(Setting up Alpine as a dom0 for Xen hypervisor)''
** [[Xen Dom0 on USB or SD]]
** [[Create Alpine Linux PV DomU|Xen DomU (paravirtualized)]]
** [[Xen LiveCD]]
** [[Xen PCI Passthrough]]
** [[K8s]] Building a K8s Kubernetes Cluster on Alpine Linux

== Tutorials ==

* [[TTY_Autologin|TTY Autologin]]
* [[Kexec|Faster rebooting with kexec]]
* [[Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN)]] combined with [[Small Office Services]]
* [[DIY Fully working Alpine Linux for Allwinner and Other ARM SOCs]]
* [[Fault Tolerant Routing with Alpine Linux]]
* [[High Availability High Performance Web Cache]] ''(uCarp + HAProxy for High Availability Services such as Squid web proxy)''
* [[Linux iSCSI Target (TCM)]]
* [[ISP Mail Server 3.x HowTo]] ''(Postfix+PostfixAdmin+DoveCot+Roundcube+ClamAV+Spamd - A full-service ISP mail server)''
* [[Grommunio Mail Server]] ''(Mariadb+Postfix+Rspamd+Grommunio - Full-service mail server as MS exchange replacement)''
* [[Replacing non-Alpine Linux with Alpine remotely]]
* [[Setting up A Network Monitoring and Inventory System]] ''(Nagios + OpenAudit and related components)'' 
* [[Streaming Security Camera Video with VLC]]
* [[Install Alpine on a btrfs filesystem with refind as boot manager]]
* [[Compile software from source|How to Compile a software from source in Alpine Linux]]

Apache with php-fpm

2025-02-26T14:05:02Z

Wenheping:

{{Merge|Apache|Everything in one place seems logical}}

PHP-FPM is the Fast Process Manager for PHP which runs as a service that spawns PHP processes as needed when files files are requested through the FastCGI interface. Passing this off to the PHP-FPM results in interpreting the PHP files much faster than having Apache spawn new processes each time a page is requested. You can read more about it [https://php-fpm.org/ here].

== Instructions ==

=== Installation ===

Install required packages

{{Cmd|# apk add apache2-proxy php-fpm}}

Run and add services to startup

{{Cmd|# rc-service php-fpm83 start
# rc-update add php-fpm83
# rc-service apache2 start
# rc-update add apache2}}

=== Configure ===

==== Configure Apache ====

Uncomment the mpm_event module and comment the mpm_prefork module like so:

LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so
#LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so

Add the following lines to {{Path|/etc/apache2/httpd.conf}}:

<FilesMatch \.php$>
SetHandler "proxy:fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000"
</FilesMatch>

Comment out the following lines in {{Path|/etc/apache2/conf.d/php8-module.conf}}:

#LoadModule php_module modules/mod_php8.so

#DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

#<FilesMatch \.php$>
# SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
#</FilesMatch>

==== Configure PHP-FPM ====

Edit the file {{Path|/etc/php8/php-fpm.conf}} to suit your needs.

In the configuration you may need to change the default user and group from nobody to another user such as <code>apache</code>:

user = apache
group = apache

Restart apache2 and PHP-FPM after editing the configuration:

{{Cmd|# rc-service php-fpm8 reload && rc-service apache2 reload}}

== See Also ==

* [[Apache]]
* [https://wiki.apache.org/httpd/PHP-FPM Apache Wiki entry on PHP-FPM]
* [https://php.net/manual/en/install.fpm.configuration.php PHP-FPM Manual]

[[Category:Web Server]]
[[Category:PHP]]