https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=JchidleyAlpine Linux - User contributions [en]2026-05-09T17:59:18ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.40.0https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20028Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T20:49:52Z<p>Jchidley: /* bluez-alsa */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Article Completion=<br />
# Test everything<br />
# Turn every background task into a service<br />
# More investigation on Bluetooth pairing<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this Bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no time limit<br />
AutoEnable=true # starts Bluetooth when Linux 'sees' the Bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that Bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Manual device pairing<br />
<br />
bluetoothctl<br />
<br />
[bluetooth]# discoverable on<br />
[agent] Confirm passkey 627133 (yes/no): yes<br />
[agent] Authorize service 0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb (yes/no): yes<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. You'll need to comment out some lines (by adding "#" at the beginning):<br />
<br />
vi /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
<br />
#import bluezutils<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey):<br />
#print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey))<br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ")<br />
#if (confirm == "yes"):<br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background, and pair your devices:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
lbu include /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
lbu commit<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
At the time of writing this article, bluez-alsa is only found in the community repositories, so you need to edit your repository list:<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the "#" from the community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
[https://github.com/Arkq/bluez-alsa Bluetooth Audio ALSA Backend]<br />
[https://github.com/Arkq/bluez-alsa/tree/master/doc bluez-alsa doc]<br />
[https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/bluez-alsa-utils/bluealsa.8.en.html man bluealsa]<br />
[https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/bluez-alsa-utils/bluealsa-aplay.1.en.html man bluealsa-aplay]<br />
[https://panther.kapsi.fi/posts/2018-11-17_linux_bluetooth_audio Bluetooth audio in Linux: ALSA and LDAC]<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20027Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T20:46:25Z<p>Jchidley: /* bluez-alsa */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Article Completion=<br />
# Test everything<br />
# Turn every background task into a service<br />
# More investigation on Bluetooth pairing<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this Bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no time limit<br />
AutoEnable=true # starts Bluetooth when Linux 'sees' the Bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that Bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Manual device pairing<br />
<br />
bluetoothctl<br />
<br />
[bluetooth]# discoverable on<br />
[agent] Confirm passkey 627133 (yes/no): yes<br />
[agent] Authorize service 0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb (yes/no): yes<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. You'll need to comment out some lines (by adding "#" at the beginning):<br />
<br />
vi /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
<br />
#import bluezutils<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey):<br />
#print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey))<br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ")<br />
#if (confirm == "yes"):<br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background, and pair your devices:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
lbu include /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
lbu commit<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
At the time of writing this article, bluez-alsa is only found in the community repositories, so you need to edit your repository list:<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the "#" from the community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
[https://github.com/Arkq/bluez-alsa Bluetooth Audio ALSA Backend]<br />
[https://github.com/Arkq/bluez-alsa/tree/master/doc bluez-alsa doc]<br />
[https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/bluez-alsa-utils/bluealsa.8.en.html man bluealsa]<br />
[https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/bluez-alsa-utils/bluealsa-aplay.1.en.html man bluealsa-aplay]<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20026Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T20:17:01Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Article Completion=<br />
# Test everything<br />
# Turn every background task into a service<br />
# More investigation on Bluetooth pairing<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this Bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no time limit<br />
AutoEnable=true # starts Bluetooth when Linux 'sees' the Bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that Bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Manual device pairing<br />
<br />
bluetoothctl<br />
<br />
[bluetooth]# discoverable on<br />
[agent] Confirm passkey 627133 (yes/no): yes<br />
[agent] Authorize service 0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb (yes/no): yes<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. You'll need to comment out some lines (by adding "#" at the beginning):<br />
<br />
vi /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
<br />
#import bluezutils<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey):<br />
#print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey))<br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ")<br />
#if (confirm == "yes"):<br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background, and pair your devices:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
lbu include /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
lbu commit<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
At the time of writing this article, bluez-alsa is only found in the community repositories, so you need to edit your repository list:<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the "#" from the community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20025Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T20:15:49Z<p>Jchidley: </p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Article Completion=<br />
# Test everything<br />
# Turn every background task into a service<br />
# More investigation on Bluetooth pairing<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this Bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no time limit<br />
AutoEnable=true # starts Bluetooth when Linux 'sees' the Bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that Bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Manual device pairing<br />
<br />
bluetoothctl<br />
<br />
[bluetooth]# discoverable on<br />
[agent] Confirm passkey 627133 (yes/no): yes<br />
[agent] Authorize service 0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb (yes/no): yes<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
vi /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
<br />
#import bluezutils<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey):<br />
#print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey))<br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ")<br />
#if (confirm == "yes"):<br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background, and pair your devices:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
lbu include /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
lbu commit<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
At the time of writing this article, bluez-alsa is only found in the community repositories, so you need to edit your repository list:<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the "#" from the community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20024Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T20:14:31Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Article Completion=<br />
# Test everything<br />
# Turn every background task into a service<br />
# More investigation on Bluetooth pairing<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this Bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no time limit<br />
AutoEnable=true # starts Bluetooth when Linux 'sees' the Bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that Bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Manual device pairing<br />
<br />
bluetoothctl<br />
<br />
[bluetooth]# discoverable on<br />
[agent] Confirm passkey 627133 (yes/no): yes<br />
[agent] Authorize service 0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb (yes/no): yes<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
vi /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
<br />
#import bluezutils<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey):<br />
#print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey))<br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ")<br />
#if (confirm == "yes"):<br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background, and pair your devices:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
lbu include /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
lbu commit<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
At the time of writing this article, bluez-alsa is only found in the community repositories, so you need to edit your repository list:<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the "#" from the community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20023Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T20:13:46Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Article Completion=<br />
# Test everything<br />
# Turn every background task into a service<br />
# More investigation on Bluetooth pairing<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this Bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no time limit<br />
AutoEnable=true # starts Bluetooth when Linux 'sees' the Bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that Bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Manual device pairing<br />
<br />
bluetoothctl<br />
<br />
[bluetooth]# discoverable on<br />
[agent] Confirm passkey 627133 (yes/no): yes<br />
[agent] Authorize service 0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb (yes/no): yes<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
vi /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
<br />
#import bluezutils<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey):<br />
#print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey))<br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ")<br />
#if (confirm == "yes"):<br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background, and pair your devices:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
lbu include /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
lbu commit<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
At the time of writing this article, bluez-alsa is only found in the community repositories, so you need to edit your repository list:<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the "#" from the community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20022Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T20:12:19Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Article Completion=<br />
# Test everything<br />
# Turn every background task into a service<br />
# More investigation on Bluetooth pairing<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this Bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no time limit<br />
AutoEnable=true # starts Bluetooth when Linux 'sees' the Bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that Bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Manual device pairing<br />
<br />
bluetoothctl<br />
<br />
[bluetooth]# discoverable on<br />
[agent] Confirm passkey 627133 (yes/no): yes<br />
[agent] Authorize service 0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb (yes/no): yes<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
vi /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
<br />
#import bluezutils<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey):<br />
#print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey))<br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ")<br />
#if (confirm == "yes"):<br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
lbu include /usr/bin/bluez-simple-agent<br />
lbu commit<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
At the time of writing this article, bluez-alsa is only found in the community repositories, so you need to edit your repository list:<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the "#" from the community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20021Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T19:49:56Z<p>Jchidley: </p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Article Completion=<br />
# Test everything<br />
# Turn every background task into a service<br />
# More investigation on Bluetooth pairing<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this Bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no time limit<br />
AutoEnable=true # starts Bluetooth when Linux 'sees' the Bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that Bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
At the time of writing this article, bluez-alsa is only found in the community repositories, so you need to edit your repository list:<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the "#" from the community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20020Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T19:48:04Z<p>Jchidley: /* bluez-alsa */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this Bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no time limit<br />
AutoEnable=true # starts Bluetooth when Linux 'sees' the Bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that Bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
At the time of writing this article, bluez-alsa is only found in the community repositories, so you need to edit your repository list:<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the "#" from the community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20019Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T19:42:24Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this Bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no time limit<br />
AutoEnable=true # starts Bluetooth when Linux 'sees' the Bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that Bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20018Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T19:39:46Z<p>Jchidley: /* Getting the Speaker(s) Working */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
To get the best results, you'll need an dedicated audio add-on board and matching speakers. Higher end passive speakers need a proper amplifier (e.g. HiFiBerry Amp2 or IQaudIO IQaudIO DigiAMP+).<br />
<br />
I've used the whole range of IQaudio audio boards with different speakers and headphones. I'd also recommend a dedicated USB Bluetooth dongle (don't get the cheapest versions of these). It is possible to test by using the on-board Bluetooth and the on-board audio with headphones but the audio quality, owing to dropped packets, isn't great.<br />
<br />
Once the speakers and audio card and all connected to the Raspberry Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no timeime<br />
AutoEnable=true # will start when Linux 'sees' the bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20017Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T19:31:30Z<p>Jchidley: /* Before You Start */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* Sound card and speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no timeime<br />
AutoEnable=true # will start when Linux 'sees' the bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20016Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T19:30:26Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no timeime<br />
AutoEnable=true # will start when Linux 'sees' the bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20015Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T19:29:48Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no timeime<br />
AutoEnable=true # will start when Linux 'sees' the bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Device pairing:<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20014Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T19:28:35Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = Pi-Bluetooth-Speaker # This is what you'll see when connecting <br />
Class = 0x41C # Adding audio playback and recording to this bluetooth device<br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 # Always discoverable<br />
AlwaysPairable = true # Always pairable<br />
PairableTimeout = 0 # no timeime<br />
AutoEnable=true # will start when Linux 'sees' the bluetooth device at boot<br />
<br />
Ensure that bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20013Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T19:24:30Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
Ensure that bluetooth is started at boot:<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
<br />
Bluetooth's state, including paired devices, in held in `/var/lib/bluetooth` so you'll need to add this to `lbu` state:<br />
<br />
lbu include /var/lib/bluetooth<br />
<br />
<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = BlueZ-ALSA-test<br />
Class = 0x41C <br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0<br />
AlwaysPairable = true<br />
PairableTimeout = 0<br />
AutoEnable=true<br />
<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20012Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T16:02:22Z<p>Jchidley: /* How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written. Currently it is full of bugs but will provide some useful pointers.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = BlueZ-ALSA-test<br />
Class = 0x41C <br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0<br />
AlwaysPairable = true<br />
PairableTimeout = 0<br />
AutoEnable=true<br />
<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20011Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T16:01:48Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = BlueZ-ALSA-test<br />
Class = 0x41C <br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0<br />
AlwaysPairable = true<br />
PairableTimeout = 0<br />
AutoEnable=true<br />
<br />
<br />
Getting this to work currently involves running the bluez-simple-agent after having edited it to always return sucessful. Note the comments below:<br />
<br />
def RequestPinCode(self, device): <br />
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return #ask("Enter PIN Code: ")<br />
<br />
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): <br />
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) <br />
#confirm = ask("Confirm passkey (yes/no): ") <br />
#if (confirm == "yes"): <br />
set_trusted(device) <br />
return <br />
#raise Rejected("Passkey doesn't match")<br />
<br />
And then running the revised agent in the background:<br />
<br />
bluez-simple-agent &<br />
<br />
Notes: [https://www.kynetics.com/docs/2018/pairing_agents_bluez/ Pairing Agents in BlueZ stack]<br />
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59214524/since-bluez-5-48-iphones-require-pairing-when-connecting-on-a-ble-gap-periphera Since Bluez 5.48, iPhones require pairing when connecting on a BLE GAP peripheral, why?]<br />
[https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c Headless A2DP Audio Streaming on Raspbian Stretch ]<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20010Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T15:04:17Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = BlueZ-ALSA-test<br />
Class = 0x41C <br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0<br />
AlwaysPairable = true<br />
PairableTimeout = 0<br />
AutoEnable=true<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20009Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T13:27:39Z<p>Jchidley: /* bluez-alsa */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = BlueZ-ALSA-test<br />
Class = 0x41C <br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0<br />
AlwaysPairable = true<br />
PairableTimeout = 0<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
vi /etc/apk/repositories<br />
<br />
remove the comment from your community repository, mine is:<br />
<br />
http://uk.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20008Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T13:25:39Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
Changes to /etc/bluetooth/main.conf<br />
<br />
Name = BlueZ-ALSA-test<br />
Class = 0x41C <br />
DiscoverableTimeout = 0<br />
AlwaysPairable = true<br />
PairableTimeout = 0<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20007Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T13:22:00Z<p>Jchidley: </p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
=bluez-alsa=<br />
<br />
This is the final stretch. We've got bluetooth working and now we want to link bluetooth to the speakers<br />
<br />
apk add bluez-alsa<br />
bluealsa -p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink &<br />
bluealsa-aplay &<br />
<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20006Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T12:37:58Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' and enable bluetooth. We're using `sed`, where '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 115200/ttyAMA0 root:tty 660 @btattach -B \/dev\/$MDEV -P bcm -S 3000000/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
Note: the last command uncomments the ''btattach'' command and changes it to work with the Pi 4. <br />
<br />
<br />
apk add python3 py3-dbus py3-gobject3<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20005Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T11:56:57Z<p>Jchidley: /* Bluetooth */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
<br />
edit ''/etc/mdev.conf'' using `sed`. '''s/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/''' means replace '''#rpi bluetooth''' with '''rpi bluetooth'''.<br />
<br />
sed -i 's/#rpi bluetooth/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
sed -i 's/#btattach -B \/dev\/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N &/btattach -B \/dev\/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &/rpi bluetooth/' /etc/mdev.conf<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20004Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T10:56:27Z<p>Jchidley: </p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Bluetooth=<br />
<br />
I used [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_3_-_Setting_Up_Bluetooth Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth] as a reference with some slight modifications as I am using a Pi 4.<br />
<br />
Raspberry Pi 4<br />
<br />
apk add bluez<br />
btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 3000000 &<br />
# btattach -B /dev/ttyAMA0 -P bcm -S 115200 -N & # Pi 3 - not tested by me<br />
rc-service bluetooth start<br />
<br />
rc-update add bluetooth<br />
lbu commit && reboot<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20003Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T10:22:36Z<p>Jchidley: /* Getting the Speaker(s) Working */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
Before you play anything from your speakers, I advise you to lower the volume first.<br />
<br />
amixer<br />
<br />
displays a list of "simple controls"; for my headphones and the on-board sound, the output is this:<br />
<br />
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0<br />
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined<br />
Playback channels: Mono<br />
Limits: Playback -10239 - 400<br />
Mono: Playback 0 [96%] [0.00dB] [on]<br />
<br />
In this case there is only 1 control, 'Headphone', so I issue this command to lower the maximum volume to a comfortable level (50% in my case).<br />
<br />
amixer sset Headphone 50%<br />
<br />
The IQaudIO DAC that I use has a much longer set of controls. I issued this command to set the volume:<br />
<br />
amixer sset 'Digital' 50 # quotes may be required if there are spaces in the control name<br />
<br />
Note that there can be several interlinked controls, some of which are muted by defualt. ALSA (and other audio software on Linux) is notoriously under-documented, try `man amixer` for more information. Sometimes it is easier to use a more visual control to change the configuration:<br />
<br />
alsamixer<br />
<br />
Finally, if you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20002Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T09:45:03Z<p>Jchidley: /* Getting the Speaker(s) Working */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible to test by using headphones instead of active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis. This Wiki has several articles about installing Alpine on a Raspberry Pi.<br />
<br />
Enable writing to the boot media:<br />
<br />
mount /media/mmcblk0p1 -o rw,remount<br />
<br />
Then either enable the on board sound:<br />
<br />
echo "dtparam=audio=on" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
or your fancier sound card (e.g. IQaudIO):<br />
<br />
echo "dtoverlay=iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp" >> /media/mmcblk0p1/usercfg.txt<br />
<br />
and then reboot your Pi.<br />
<br />
Follow [https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/ALSA these instructions] to enable ALSA. In summary<br />
<br />
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-lib alsaconf # the required software for sound<br />
aplay -l # should display a List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices<br />
<br />
In my case my list is:<br />
<br />
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****<br />
card 0: Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones], device 0: bcm2835 Headphones [bcm2835 Headphones]<br />
Subdevices: 8/8<br />
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0<br />
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1<br />
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2<br />
Subdevice #3: subdevice #3<br />
Subdevice #4: subdevice #4<br />
Subdevice #5: subdevice #5<br />
Subdevice #6: subdevice #6<br />
<br />
If you issue this command:<br />
<br />
speaker-test -t wav -c 2<br />
<br />
Then you should hear "Front Left, Front Right" repeating from your chosen speakers. Now it's time to setup Bluetooth. Don't forget to save your changes (lbu commit) before moving on.<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20001Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T09:15:48Z<p>Jchidley: /* Getting the Speaker(s) Working */</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. It is possible, for testing only, to use headphones instead of the active speakers.<br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis.<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=20000Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T09:09:54Z<p>Jchidley: </p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* An active speaker or sound card and passive speaker(s)<br />
<br />
=Getting the Speaker(s) Working=<br />
The audio hardware can range from using the Raspberry Pi's on board audio with an external (active) travel speaker to wiring up an amplifier to some high-end passive speakers.<br />
<br />
I'm testing this using Raspberry Pi's excellent IQaudio DigiAMP+ board with a pair bookshelf speakers and an old (active) travel speaker using the on board audio. <br />
<br />
Once the speaker(s), and possibly amplifier, are wired into the Pi, it's time to install a fresh version of Alpine Linux. The armv7 version from the [https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/ Downloads] page works on almost all Pis.<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
Raspberry Pi's blog on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/how-to-play-sound-and-make-noise-with-your-raspberry-pi/ How to play sound and make noise with your Raspberry P]<br />
<br />
There are lots of speaker and amplifier options:<br />
* Raspberry Pi's [https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/iqaudio-is-now-raspberry-pi/ IQaudIO boards]<br />
* Pimoroni's [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/audio-amp-shim-3w-mono-amp Audio Amp SHIM (3W Mono Amp)] and [https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/mini-speaker-4-3w Mini Speaker 4Ω (3W)]<br />
* The Pi Hut offers this [https://thepihut.com/products/adafruit-i2s-3w-stereo-speaker-bonnet-for-raspberry-pi Adafruit I2S 3W Stereo Speaker Bonnet for Raspberry Pi (Mini Kit)] and the [https://thepihut.com/products/stereo-enclosed-speaker-set-3w-4-ohm Stereo Enclosed Speaker Set - 3W 4 Ohm]</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Bluetooth_Speaker&diff=19999Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker2021-08-04T08:06:59Z<p>Jchidley: How to make a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth speaker</p>
<hr />
<div>=How To Build a Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker=<br />
<br />
This articles describes how to build a Bluetooth speaker. This article is being actively written.<br />
<br />
=Before You Start=<br />
You’ll need:<br />
* A Raspberry Pi<br />
* A Bluetooth USB dongle (if your Pi doesn’t have Bluetooth on board)<br />
* A speaker<br />
* Optionally, a sound card<br />
<br />
=Doing Something Title=<br />
Write the steps of how to do something in this section.<br />
If possible, show an example first, then tell your readers the steps.<br />
Break this procedure into separate procedures to avoid more than<br />
about 7-9 steps per procedure.<br />
<br />
INSERT GREAT EXAMPLE HERE<br />
<br />
#Answer the following three questions, at least in your head.<br />
##What do I explain how to do?<br />
##How do I do that?<br />
##What do HOWTO readers already know about doing that?<br />
#Write up a good example. This ensures you can do it.<br />
#Write up the steps to do it.<br />
#Write the background info/prerequisites readers need.<br />
#Write the summary.<br />
#Clean up your work.<br />
#Revise, revise, revise.<br />
<br />
=See Also=<br />
If you ought to point your readers to related information<br />
they no doubt need but that does not fit in your HOWTO, add links here.</div>Jchidleyhttps://wiki.alpinelinux.org/w/index.php?title=Tutorials_and_Howtos&diff=19998Tutorials and Howtos2021-08-04T07:55:51Z<p>Jchidley: /* Raspberry Pi */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Todo|This material needs to be re-organized .. as '''Howtos are smaller articles''' and '''tutorials are more detailed document''' both need to be reordered as independent sections }}<br />
<br />
[[Image:package_edutainment.svg|right|link=]]<br />
{{TOC left}}<br />
'''Welcome to Tutorials and Howtos, a place of basic and advanced configuration tasks for your Alpine Linux.'''<br />
<br />
'''The tutorials are hands-on''' and the reader is expected to try and achieve the goals described in each step, possibly with the help of a good example. The output in one step is the starting point for the following step.<br />
<br />
'''Howtos are smaller articles''' explaining how to perform a particular task with Alpine Linux, that expects a minimal knowledge from reader to perform actions.<br />
<br />
'''IMPORTANT:''' contributions on those pages must be complete articles as well as requesting topics to be covered, don't override already made contributions. If you want to request a topic, please add your request in this page's [[Talk:Tutorials_and_Howtos|Discussion]].<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Clear}}<br />
<br />
== New users and Newbies ==<br />
<br />
* [[Newbie Alpine Ecosystem]] (for overall information in funny sections)<br />
<br />
==== Installation: Use cases ====<br />
<br />
* [[Alpine newbie install manual]]<br />
** [[Alpine Install: from a disc to a new computer single only boot]]<br />
** [[Alpine Install: from a disc to a old computer single only boot]]<br />
** [[Alpine Install: from a disc to a virtualbox machine single only]]<br />
** [[Alpine Install: from a iso to a virtualbox machine with external disc]]<br />
* [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#Ways_to_install_Alpine_listed_by_architectures|Ways to install listed by architectures]]<br />
** [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#x86_64_x86_32_x86|x86_64 x86_32 x86 s390]]<br />
** [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#armhf_armv7|armhf armv7 aarch64]]<br />
** [[Alpine_newbie_install_manual#ppc64le|ppc64le others PPC]]<br />
<br />
==== Postinstall: desktops and applications ====<br />
<br />
* [[Alpine newbie apk packages|Overall info and minimal packages common to any working desktop]]<br />
** [[Alpine newbie desktops|Alpine newbie desktops, (overall information only)]]<br />
** [[XFCE Setup]]<br />
** [[Alpine Newbies LXDE Desktop Environment]]<br />
** [[Alpine Newbies Openbox Window Manager|Alpine Newbies Xorg and Openbox Window Manager]]<br />
** [[MATE|Alpine Newbies MATE Desktop Environment]]<br />
* [[Alpine and UEFI|Alpine and UEFI Support Status and related topics]]<br />
<br />
==== Developers: compilers, IDEs and tools ====<br />
<br />
* [[Alpine newbie developer]]<br />
** [[Alpine newbie developer: gitea|Alpine newbie developer: Git management web frontend gitea]]<br />
** [[Alpine newbie developer: full stack web]]<br />
<br />
==== Servers: deploy in production ====<br />
<br />
* [[Alpine production deploy]]<br />
** [[Production Web server: Lighttpd]]<br />
** [[Production DataBases : mysql]]<br />
** [[Production LAMP system: Lighttpd + PHP + MySQL]]<br />
* Alpine production monitoring<br />
** [[Cacti: traffic analysis and monitoring network]]<br />
** [[Zabbix|Zabbix - the professional complete manager]]<br />
<br />
== Storage ==<br />
<br />
* [[Alpine local backup|Alpine local backup (lbu)]] ''(Permanently store your modifications in case your box needs reboot)'' <!-- Installation and Storage --><br />
** [[Back Up a Flash Memory Installation]] <!-- Installation and Storage --><br />
** [[Manually editing a existing apkovl]]<br />
<br />
* [[Setting up disks manually]] <!-- Installation and Storage --><br />
* [[Setting up a software RAID array]]<br />
<!-- ** [[Setting up a /var partition on software IDE raid1]] Obsolete, Installation and Storage --> <br />
* [[Raid Administration]]<br />
* [[Setting up encrypted volumes with LUKS]]<br />
* [[Setting up LVM on LUKS]]<br />
* [[Setting up Logical Volumes with LVM]]<br />
** [[Setting up LVM on GPT-labeled disks]]<br />
** [[Installing on GPT LVM]]<br />
* [[Filesystems|Formatting HD/Floppy/Other]] <!-- just a stub --><br />
<br />
* [[Setting up iSCSI]]<br />
** [[iSCSI Raid and Clustered File Systems]]<br />
* [[Setting up NBD]]<br />
* [[Setting up ZFS on LUKS]]<br />
* [[Setting up ZFS with native encryption]]<br />
* [[High performance SCST iSCSI Target on Linux software Raid]] ''(deprecated)'' <!-- solution --><br />
* [[Linux iSCSI Target (TCM)]]<br />
* [[Disk Replication with DRBD]] <!-- draft --><br />
<br />
* [[Burning ISOs]] <!-- just some links now --><br />
* [[Partitioning and Bootmanagers]]<br />
* [[Migrating data]]<br />
* [[Create a bootable SDHC from a Mac]]<br />
* [[Alpine on ARM]]<br />
<br />
== Networking ==<br />
<br />
* [[Configure Networking]]<br />
* [[Connecting to a wireless access point]]<br />
* [[Bonding]]<br />
* [[Vlan]]<br />
* [[Bridge]]<br />
* [[Bridge wlan0 to eth0]]<br />
* [[OpenVSwitch]]<br />
* [[How to configure static routes]]<br />
* [[Configure a Wireguard interface (wg)]]<br />
<br />
* [[Alpine Wall]] - [[How-To Alpine Wall]] - [[Alpine Wall User's Guide]] ''(a new firewall management framework)''<br />
<br />
* [[PXE boot]]<br />
<br />
* [[Using serial modem]]<br />
* [[Using HSDPA modem]]<br />
* [[Setting up Satellite Internet Connection]]<br />
* [[Using Alpine on Windows domain with IPSEC isolation]]<br />
<br />
* [[Setting up a ssh-server]] ''(Using ssh is the preferred way to administer your box remotely)'' <!-- Server and Networking --><br />
** [[HOWTO OpenSSH 2FA with password and Google Authenticator]] ''(A simple two factor setup for OpenSSH)''<br />
* [[How to setup a wireless access point]] ''(Setting up Secure Wireless AP w/ WPA encryption with bridge to wired network)''<br />
* [[How to set up Alpine as a wireless router]] ''(Setting up a firewalled, Wireless AP with wired network on a Pi Zero W)''<br />
* [[Setting up a OpenVPN server with Alpine]] ''(Allowing single users or devices to remotely connect to your network)''<br />
<!-- [[Using Racoon for Remote Sites]] is a different VPN tunnelling method, but that article is just a stub --><br />
* [[Experiences with OpenVPN-client on ALIX.2D3]] <!-- solution --><br />
<br />
* [[Generating SSL certs with ACF]] <!-- Generating SSL certs with ACF 1.9 --><br />
* [[Setting up unbound DNS server]]<br />
* [[Setting up nsd DNS server]]<br />
* [[TinyDNS Format]]<br />
* [[Fault Tolerant Routing with Alpine Linux]] <!-- solution --><br />
* [[Freeradius Active Directory Integration]]<br />
* [[Multi_ISP]] ''(Dual-ISP setup with load-balancing and automatic failover)''<br />
* [[OwnCloud]] ''(Installing OwnCloud)''<br />
<br />
* [[Seafile: setting up your own private cloud]]<br />
<br />
* [[GNUnet]]<br />
<br />
== Post-Install ==<br />
<!-- If you edit this, please coordinate with Installation and Developer_Documentation#Package_management. Note that these three sections are not exact duplicates. --><br />
<br />
* [[Alpine_newbie_apk_packages|Alpine newbie users post install and easy setups]]<br />
** [[Alpine_newbie_apk_packages#New_users:_hostname_and_network_wired_connection|First steps at post install]]<br />
** [[Alpine_newbie_apk_packages#New_users:_common_needed_package_to_install|Enable repositories]]<br />
** [[Alpine_newbie_apk_packages#New_users:_management_of_users_and_logins|Added the first user to use the system]]<br />
** [[Alpine_newbie_apk_packages#install_basic_tools|First packages to install]] (need the previous [[Alpine_newbie_apk_packages#New_users:_common_needed_package_to_install|Enable repositories]]) already done!<br />
<br />
* [[Setting up a new user]]<br />
* [[Enable Community Repository]] ''(Providing additional packages)''<br />
* [[Alpine Linux package management|Package Management (apk)]] ''(How to add/remove packages on your Alpine)''<br />
<!-- [[Alpine Linux package management#Local_Cache|How to enable APK caching]] --><br />
** [[Comparison with other distros]]<br />
* [[Alpine local backup|Alpine local backup (lbu)]] ''(Permanently store your modifications in case your box needs reboot)''<br />
** [[Back Up a Flash Memory Installation]] <!-- new --><br />
** [[Manually editing a existing apkovl]]<br />
* [[Alpine Linux Init System|Init System (OpenRC)]] ''(Configure a service to automatically boot at next reboot)''<br />
** [[Multiple Instances of Services]]<br />
<!-- [[Writing Init Scripts]] --><br />
* [[Alpine setup scripts#setup-xorg-base|Setting up Xorg]]<br />
* [[Upgrading Alpine]]<br />
<!-- Obsolete<br />
[[Upgrading Alpine - v1.9.x]]<br />
[[Upgrading Alpine - CD v1.8.x]]<br />
[[Upgrading Alpine - HD v1.8.x]]<br />
[[Upgrade to repository main|Upgrading to signed repositories]]<br />
--><br />
<br />
* [[Setting up a ssh-server]] ''(Using ssh is a good way to administer your box remotely)''<br />
** [[HOWTO OpenSSH 2FA with password and Google Authenticator]] ''(A simple two factor setup for OpenSSH)''<br />
* [[setup-acf]] ''(Configures ACF (webconfiguration) so you can manage your box through https)''<br />
* [[Changing passwords for ACF|Changing passwords]]<br />
* [[Ansible]] ''(Configuration management)''<br />
<br />
* [[Enable Serial Console on Boot]]<br />
<!-- Obsolete?<br />
* [[Error message on boot: Address space collision: host bridge window conflicts with Adaptor ROM]]<br />
--><br />
* [[How to get regular stuff working]] ''some notes on need-to-know topics''<br />
* [[Installing Oracle Java]]<br />
* [[Rsnapshot|Setting up periodic backups with <samp>rsnapshot</samp>]]<br />
<br />
== Virtualization==<br />
<br />
* [[Xen Dom0]] ''(Setting up Alpine as a dom0 for Xen hypervisor)''<br />
* [[Xen Dom0 on USB or SD]]<br />
* [[Create Alpine Linux PV DomU]]<br />
* [[Xen PCI Passthrough]]<br />
* [[Xen LiveCD]]<br />
* [[qemu]]<br />
* [[KVM]] ''(Setting up Alpine as a KVM hypervisor)''<br />
* [[LXC]] ''(Setting up a Linux container in Alpine Linux)''<br />
* [[Docker]]<br />
* [[Install_Alpine_on_VirtualBox]]<br />
* [[Install Alpine on VMWare]]<br />
<br />
== Desktop Environment ==<br />
<br />
* [[Awesome(wm) Setup]]<br />
* [[dwm]] ''(dynamic window manager for X)''<br />
* [[EyeOS]] ''(Cloud Computing Desktop)''<br />
* [[Gnome Setup]]<br />
* [[KDE]]<br />
* [[MATE|MATE Setup]]<br />
* [[Oneye]] ''(Cloud Computing Desktop - Dropbox Alternative)''<br />
* [[Owncloud]] ''(Cloud Computing Desktop - Dropbox Alternative)''<br />
** (to be merged with [[OwnCloud]] ''(Your personal Cloud for storing and sharing your data on-line)'')<br />
* [[Remote Desktop Server]]<br />
* [[Suspend on LID close]]<br />
* [[Sway]]<br />
* [[XFCE Setup]] and [[Xfce Desktop|Desktop Ideas]]<br />
* [[Installing Adobe flash player for Firefox]]<br />
* [[Sound Setup]]<br />
* [[PipeWire]]<br />
* [[Printer Setup]]<br />
* [[Default applications]]<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi ==<br />
<br />
* [[Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi (Installation)]]<br />
* [[Raspberry Pi - Headless Installation]]<br />
* [[Classic install or sys mode on Raspberry Pi]]<br />
* [[RPI Video Receiver]] ''(network video decoder using Rasperry Pi and omxplayer)''<br />
* [[Linux Router with VPN on a Raspberry Pi]]<br />
* [[Linux Router with VPN on a Raspberry Pi (IPv6)]]<br />
* [[Raspberry Pi 4 - Persistent system acting as a NAS and Time Machine]]<br />
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Configuring it as wireless access point -AP Mode]]<br />
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Setting Up Bluetooth]]<br />
* [[Raspberry Pi 3 - Browser Client]] - kiosk or digital sign<br />
* [[Raspberry Pi Zero W - Installation]]<br />
* [[Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Speaker]]<br />
<br />
== PowerPC ==<br />
<br />
* [[Ppc64le|Powepc64le (Installation)]]<br />
<br />
== IBM Z (IBM z Systems) ==<br />
<br />
* [[s390x|s390x (Installation)]]<br />
<br />
== Applications ==<br />
<br />
=== Telephony ===<br />
* [[Setting up Zaptel/Asterisk on Alpine]]<br />
** [[Setting up Streaming an Asterisk Channel]]<br />
* [[Freepbx on Alpine Linux]]<br />
* [[FreePBX_V3]] ''(FreeSWITCH, Asterisk GUI web acces tool)''<br />
* [[2600hz]] ''(FreeSWITCH, Asterisk GUI web access tool)''<br />
* [[Kamailio]] ''(SIP Server, formerly OpenSER)''<br />
<br />
=== Mail ===<br />
* [[Hosting services on Alpine]] ''(Hosting mail, webservices and other services)''<br />
** [[Hosting Web/Email services on Alpine]]<br />
* [[ISP Mail Server HowTo]] <!-- solution, Mail --><br />
** [[ISP Mail Server Upgrade 2.x]]<br />
** [[ISP Mail Server 2.x HowTo]] ''(Beta, please test)''<br />
** [[ISP Mail Server 3.x HowTo]]<br />
* [[Roundcube]] ''(Webmail system)''<br />
* [[Setting up postfix with virtual domains]]<br />
* [[Protecting your email server with Alpine]]<br />
* [[Setting up clamsmtp]]<br />
* [[Setting up dovecot with imap and ssl]]<br />
* [[relay email to gmail (msmtp, mailx, sendmail]]<br />
<br />
=== HTTP ===<br />
* [[Lighttpd]]<br />
** [[Lighttpd Https access]]<br />
** [[Setting Up Lighttpd with PHP]]<br />
** [[Setting Up Lighttpd With FastCGI]]<br />
* [[Cherokee]]<br />
* [[Nginx]]<br />
** [[Nginx_with_PHP#Nginx_with_PHP|Nginx with PHP]]<br />
** [[Nginx as reverse proxy with acme (letsencrypt)]]<br />
* [[Apache]]<br />
** [[Apache with php-fpm]]<br />
** [[Setting Up Apache with PHP]]<br />
** [[Apache authentication: NTLM Single Signon]]<br />
<br />
* [[High Availability High Performance Web Cache]] ''(uCarp + HAProxy for High Availability Services such as Squid web proxy)'' <!-- solution, Server --><br />
<br />
* [[Setting up Transparent Squid Proxy]] <!-- draft --><br />
** [[SqStat]] ''(Script to look at active squid users connections)''<br />
** [[Obtaining user information via SNMP]] ''(Using squark-auth-snmp as a Squid authentication helper)'' <!-- Networking and Server, <== Using squark-auth-snmp --><br />
* [[Setting up Explicit Squid Proxy]]<br />
<br />
* [[Drupal]] ''(Content Management System (CMS) written in PHP)''<br />
* [[WordPress]] ''(Web software to create website or blog)''<br />
* [[MediaWiki]] ''(Free web-based wiki software application)''<br />
* [[DokuWiki]]<br />
* [[Darkhttpd]]<br />
* [[Tomcat]]<br />
<br />
=== Other Servers ===<br />
* [[Setting up a ssh-server]] ''(Using ssh is a good way to administer your box remotely)''<br />
** [[HOWTO OpenSSH 2FA with password and Google Authenticator]] ''(A simple two factor setup for OpenSSH)''<br />
<br />
* [[Setting up a nfs-server]]<br />
* [[Setting up a samba-server]] ''(standard file sharing)''<br />
* [[Setting up a samba-ad-dc]] ''(Active Directory compatible domain controller)''<br />
* [[Phpizabi]] ''(Social Networking Platform)''<br />
* [[Statusnet]] ''(Microblogging Platform)''<br />
* [[Pastebin]] ''(Pastebin software application)''<br />
* [[Setting up Transmission (bittorrent) with Clutch WebUI]]<br />
<br />
* [[Patchwork]] ''(Patch review management system)''<br />
* [[Redmine]] ''(Project management system)''<br />
* [[Request-Tracker]] ''(Ticket system)''<br />
* [[OsTicket]] ''(Ticket system)''<br />
* [[Setting up trac wiki|Trac]] ''(Enhanced wiki and issue tracking system for software development projects)''<br />
<br />
* [[Alpine_newbie_developer: gitea|Setting up Git management web frontend gitea]]<br />
* [[Cgit]]<br />
** [[Setting up a git repository server with gitolite and cgit]] <!-- doesn't exist yet --><br />
* [[Roundcube]] ''(Webmail system)''<br />
* [[Glpi]] ''(Manage inventory of technical resources)''<br />
<br />
* [[How to setup a Alpine Linux mirror]]<br />
* [[Cups]]<br />
* [[NgIRCd]] ''(Server for Internet Relay Chat/IRC)''<br />
* [[How To Setup Your Own IRC Network]] ''(Using {{Pkg|charybdis}} and {{Pkg|atheme-iris}})''<br />
* [[OpenVCP]] ''(VServer Control Panel)''<br />
* [[Mahara]] ''(E-portfolio and social networking system)''<br />
* [[Chrony and GPSD | Using chrony, gpsd, and a garmin LVC 18 as a Stratum 1 NTP source ]]<br />
* [[Sending SMS using gnokii]]<br />
* [[IPTV How To|Internet Protocol television (IPTV)]]<br />
* [[UniFi_Controller]]<br />
* [[DNSCrypt-Proxy]] ''Encrypt and authenticate DNS calls from your system''<br />
* [[Odoo]]<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring ===<br />
* Setting up [[collectd]]<br />
* [[Traffic monitoring]] <!-- Networking and Monitoring --><br />
* [[Setting up traffic monitoring using rrdtool (and snmp)]] <!-- Monitoring --><br />
* [[Setting up monitoring using rrdtool (and rrdcollect)]]<br />
* [[Cacti: traffic analysis and monitoring network]] ''(Front-end for rrdtool networking monitor)''<br />
* [[LTTng]] ''(Kernel and userspace tracing)''<br />
* [[Zabbix|Zabbix - the professional complete manager]] ''(Monitor and track the status of network services and hardware)''<br />
* [[Setting up A Network Monitoring and Inventory System]] ''(Nagios + OpenAudit and related components)'' <!-- draft, solution, Networking and Monitoring and Server --><br />
** [[Setting up NRPE daemon]] ''(Performs remote Nagios checks)'' <!-- Networking and Monitoring --><br />
* [[Setting up Smokeping|Smokeping]] ''(Network latency monitoring)'' <!-- Networking and Monitoring --><br />
** [[Setting up MRTG and Smokeping to Monitor Bandwidth Usage and Network Latency]]<br />
* [[Setting Up Fprobe And Ntop|Ntop]] ''(NetFlow collection and analysis using a remote fprobe instance)'' <!-- Networking and Monitoring --><br />
* [[Cvechecker]] ''(Compare installed packages for Common Vulnerabilities Exposure)'' <!-- Monitoring and Security --><br />
<br />
* [[IP Accounting]] <!-- Networking and Monitoring --><br />
* [[Obtaining user information via SNMP]] ''(Using squark-auth-snmp as a Squid authentication helper)'' <!-- Networking and Server, <== Using squark-auth-snmp --><br />
* [[SqStat]] ''(Script to look at active squid users connections)''<br />
<br />
* [[Piwik]] ''(A real time web analytics software program)''<br />
* [[Awstats]] ''(Free log file analyzer)''<br />
* [[Intrusion Detection using Snort]]<br />
** [[Intrusion Detection using Snort, Sguil, Barnyard and more]]<br />
* [[Dglog]] ''(Log analyzer for the web content filter DansGuardian)''<br />
<br />
* [[Webmin]] ''(A web-based interface for Linux system)''<br />
* [[PhpPgAdmin]] ''(Web-based administration tool for PostgreSQL)''<br />
* [[PhpMyAdmin]] ''(Web-based administration tool for MYSQL)''<br />
* [[PhpSysInfo]] ''(A simple application that displays information about the host it's running on)''<br />
* [[Linfo]]<br />
<br />
* [[Setting up lm_sensors]]<br />
<br />
* [[ZoneMinder video camera security and surveillance]]<br />
<br />
== Misc ==<br />
<br />
* [[:Category:Shell]]<br />
* [[:Category:Programming]]<br />
* [[Running glibc programs]]<br />
* [[:Category:Drivers]]<br />
* [[:Category:Multimedia]]<br />
* [[Kernel Modesetting]]<br />
* [[CPU frequency scaling]]<br />
<br />
== Complete Solutions ==<br />
* [[DIY Fully working Alpine Linux for Allwinner and Other ARM SOCs]]<br />
* [[Alpine on the Aopen Chromebase or Chromebox Mini with Mainline Kernel]]<br />
* [[Replacing non-Alpine Linux with Alpine remotely]]<br />
* [[High performance SCST iSCSI Target on Linux software Raid]]<br />
* [[Fault Tolerant Routing with Alpine Linux]]<br />
* [[Experiences with OpenVPN-client on ALIX.2D3]]<br />
* [[Building a cloud with Alpine Linux]]<br />
<br />
* [[ISP Mail Server HowTo]] ''(Postfix+PostfixAdmin+DoveCot+Roundcube+ClamAV+Spamd - A full-serivce ISP mail server)''<br />
** [[ISP Mail Server Upgrade 2.x]]<br />
** [[ISP Mail Server 2.x HowTo]] ''(Beta, please test)''<br />
* [[High Availability High Performance Web Cache]] ''(uCarp + HAProxy for High Availability Services such as Squid web proxy)''<br />
* [[Setting up A Network Monitoring and Inventory System]] ''(Nagios + OpenAudit and related components)'' <!-- draft --><br />
* [[Streaming Security Camera Video with VLC]]<br />
* [[Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN)]] combined with [[Small_Office_Services]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<!--<br />
This does not attempt to be complete. Is it useful to have these listed here? I find them more accessible if grouped with their topics; also, an up-to-date list of all Draft or Obsolete pages can be found at [[Project:Wiki maintenance]].<br />
<br />
== Drafts ==<br />
Currently unfinished/works-in-progress.<br />
* [[Using Racoon for Remote Sites]]<br />
* [[Setting up Transparent Squid Proxy]] ''(Covers Squid proxy and URL Filtering system)''<br />
** [[Obtaining user information via SNMP]] ''(Using the Squark Squid authentication helper)'' [!-- no longer a draft --]<br />
* [[Setting up Streaming an Asterisk Channel]]<br />
* [[Setting up A Network Monitoring and Inventory System]] ''(Nagios + OpenAudit and related components)''<br />
* [[Intrusion Detection using Snort]] ''(Installing and configuring Snort and related applications on Alpine 2.0.x)''<br />
* [[IP Accounting]] ''(Installing and configuring pmacct for IP Accounting, Netflow/sFlow collector)''<br />
* [[Disk Replication with DRBD]]<br />
--><br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Newbie]]</div>Jchidley