Alpine Linux - User contributions [en]

User:Aerphanas

2025-02-10T11:15:02Z

Aerphanas: Initial page

{| style="text-align: left;"
! Name:
| Aerphanas
|-
! style="padding-right: 1em;" | Languages:
| Indonesia (native), English
|-
|-
! style="padding-right: 1em;" | Programming Lang:
| C, Prolog, Lisp, Haskell
|-
! Timezone:
| {{ic|Asia/Jakarta}} (UTC +07:00)
|-
! Website:
| https://tilde.club/~aerphanas
|-
! Profiles:
| [https://codeberg.org/aerphanas Codeberg]
|}

Filesystems

2025-02-10T11:11:00Z

Aerphanas: /* Filesystem Tools */ add exfat

Alpine Linux supports a number of filesystems.

== Filesystem Tools ==

Alpine has multiple storage media formatting packages available. Different packages/programs are used to format different types of filesystems.
<onlyinclude>
{| cellpadding="5" border="2" class="wikitable"
|-
! Tool
! Filesystem
! Brief Notes
! Formatting command
|-
| {{Pkg|btrfs-progs}}
|[[Btrfs]]
|
|mkfs.btrfs
|-
|{{Pkg|dosfstools}}
|FAT12/FAT16/FAT32
|used for [[UEFI|EFI]] partition
|mkfs.vfat
|-
|{{Pkg|e2fsprogs}}
|ext2/ext3/ext4
|ext4 is current default in Linux
|mkfs.ext4
|-
|{{Pkg|exfatprogs}}
|exfat
|Commonly used on USB flash drives and SD cards
|mkfs.exfat
|-
|{{Pkg|f2fs-tools}}
|[[F2FS]]
|
|mkfs.f2fs
|-
|{{Pkg|hfsprogs}}
|XFS HFS/HFS+
|Apple/Mac products
|mkfs.hfsplus
|-
|{{Pkg|jfsutils}}
|JFS
|
|mkfs.jfs
|-
|{{Pkg|ntfs-3g}}
|NTFS
|Microsoft/Windows FUSE driver
|
|-
|{{Pkg|xfsprogs}}
|XFS
|
|mkfs.xfs
|}
</onlyinclude>

== Swap Partition ==

Swap space is used for two purposes
# Extend the virtual memory beyond the installed physical memory (RAM) to avoid [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out_of_memory Out of memory] condition
# Suspend-to-disk or Hibernation support

Below Instructions explain how to use a seperate partition for swap:

The following commands prepares the unmounted partition (/dev/sda2) for swap space, activates the prepared swap space and starts the swap service to manage swap space immediately:

# mkswap /dev/sda2
# swapon /dev/sda2
# rc-service swap start

The command {{Codeline|free -m}} will show how much swap space is available (in MB).

To make the swap persistent across reboots, enable automatic start of swap:

# echo -e "/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0" >> /mnt/etc/fstab
# rc-update add swap

If you prefer maximum speed, you don't need configure any raid devices for swap. Just add 2 swap partitions on different disks and linux will stripe them automatically. The downside is that the moment one disk fails, the system will go down. For better reliability, put swap on RAID1.

{{Tip|Instead of using a separate partition for swap, [[Zram|zram]] based swap file can be used.}}

== Encrypted swap ==
The below steps explains the steps to enable crypt-swap or Encrypted swap parition.

Edit the file {{Path|/etc/conf.d/dmcrypt}} to enable crypt-swap. '''Ensure that source device name is correct.''' :
{{Cat|/etc/conf.d/dmcrypt|
swap{{=}}crypt-swap
source{{=}}'/dev/nvme0nXXX'
}}

To use dmcrypt, start dmcrypt service and enable swap immediately:

# /etc/init.d/dmcrypt start
# swapon /dev/mapper/crypt-swap

To make the encrypted swap persistent across reboots, enable automatic start of encryption & swap:

# rc-update add dmcrypt
# rc-update add swap

To enable automatic swapon, add the relevant entry to {{Path|/etc/fstab}}

{{Cmd|# echo /dev/mapper/crypt-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab}}

{{Note|The above instructions will reset/re-encrypt swap on every boot and thus no suspend to disk works with it.}}

== See Also ==

* [https://www.nico.schottelius.org/blog/2024-10-10-how-to-enable-encrypted-swap-in-alpine-linux/ How to enable encrypted swap in Alpine Linux]

[[Category:Storage]]
[[Category:Installation]]
[[Category:Filesystems]]

Filesystems

2025-02-10T11:05:19Z

Aerphanas: /* Filesystem Tools */ fix mkfs.jfs

Alpine Linux supports a number of filesystems.

== Filesystem Tools ==

Alpine has multiple storage media formatting packages available. Different packages/programs are used to format different types of filesystems.
<onlyinclude>
{| cellpadding="5" border="2" class="wikitable"
|-
! Tool
! Filesystem
! Brief Notes
! Formatting command
|-
| {{Pkg|btrfs-progs}}
|[[Btrfs]]
|
|mkfs.btrfs
|-
|{{Pkg|dosfstools}}
|FAT12/FAT16/FAT32
|used for [[UEFI|EFI]] partition
|mkfs.vfat
|-
|{{Pkg|e2fsprogs}}
|ext2/ext3/ext4
|ext4 is current default in Linux
|mkfs.ext4
|-
|{{Pkg|f2fs-tools}}
|[[F2FS]]
|
|mkfs.f2fs
|-
|{{Pkg|hfsprogs}}
|XFS HFS/HFS+
|Apple/Mac products
|mkfs.hfsplus
|-
|{{Pkg|jfsutils}}
|JFS
|
|mkfs.jfs
|-
|{{Pkg|ntfs-3g}}
|NTFS
|Microsoft/Windows FUSE driver
|
|-
|{{Pkg|xfsprogs}}
|XFS
|
|mkfs.xfs
|}
</onlyinclude>

== Swap Partition ==

Swap space is used for two purposes
# Extend the virtual memory beyond the installed physical memory (RAM) to avoid [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out_of_memory Out of memory] condition
# Suspend-to-disk or Hibernation support

Below Instructions explain how to use a seperate partition for swap:

The following commands prepares the unmounted partition (/dev/sda2) for swap space, activates the prepared swap space and starts the swap service to manage swap space immediately:

# mkswap /dev/sda2
# swapon /dev/sda2
# rc-service swap start

The command {{Codeline|free -m}} will show how much swap space is available (in MB).

To make the swap persistent across reboots, enable automatic start of swap:

# echo -e "/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0" >> /mnt/etc/fstab
# rc-update add swap

If you prefer maximum speed, you don't need configure any raid devices for swap. Just add 2 swap partitions on different disks and linux will stripe them automatically. The downside is that the moment one disk fails, the system will go down. For better reliability, put swap on RAID1.

{{Tip|Instead of using a separate partition for swap, [[Zram|zram]] based swap file can be used.}}

== Encrypted swap ==
The below steps explains the steps to enable crypt-swap or Encrypted swap parition.

Edit the file {{Path|/etc/conf.d/dmcrypt}} to enable crypt-swap. '''Ensure that source device name is correct.''' :
{{Cat|/etc/conf.d/dmcrypt|
swap{{=}}crypt-swap
source{{=}}'/dev/nvme0nXXX'
}}

To use dmcrypt, start dmcrypt service and enable swap immediately:

# /etc/init.d/dmcrypt start
# swapon /dev/mapper/crypt-swap

To make the encrypted swap persistent across reboots, enable automatic start of encryption & swap:

# rc-update add dmcrypt
# rc-update add swap

To enable automatic swapon, add the relevant entry to {{Path|/etc/fstab}}

{{Cmd|# echo /dev/mapper/crypt-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab}}

{{Note|The above instructions will reset/re-encrypt swap on every boot and thus no suspend to disk works with it.}}

== See Also ==

* [https://www.nico.schottelius.org/blog/2024-10-10-how-to-enable-encrypted-swap-in-alpine-linux/ How to enable encrypted swap in Alpine Linux]

[[Category:Storage]]
[[Category:Installation]]
[[Category:Filesystems]]

Filesystems

2025-02-10T11:04:04Z

Aerphanas: /* Filesystem Tools */ add formatting command for f2fs, hfs+, jfs, xfs

Alpine Linux supports a number of filesystems.

== Filesystem Tools ==

Alpine has multiple storage media formatting packages available. Different packages/programs are used to format different types of filesystems.
<onlyinclude>
{| cellpadding="5" border="2" class="wikitable"
|-
! Tool
! Filesystem
! Brief Notes
! Formatting command
|-
| {{Pkg|btrfs-progs}}
|[[Btrfs]]
|
|mkfs.btrfs
|-
|{{Pkg|dosfstools}}
|FAT12/FAT16/FAT32
|used for [[UEFI|EFI]] partition
|mkfs.vfat
|-
|{{Pkg|e2fsprogs}}
|ext2/ext3/ext4
|ext4 is current default in Linux
|mkfs.ext4
|-
|{{Pkg|f2fs-tools}}
|[[F2FS]]
|
|mkfs.f2fs
|-
|{{Pkg|hfsprogs}}
|XFS HFS/HFS+
|Apple/Mac products
|mkfs.hfsplus
|-
|{{Pkg|jfsutils}}
|JFS
|mkfs.jfs
|-
|{{Pkg|ntfs-3g}}
|NTFS
|Microsoft/Windows FUSE driver
|
|-
|{{Pkg|xfsprogs}}
|XFS
|
|mkfs.xfs
|}
</onlyinclude>

== Swap Partition ==

Swap space is used for two purposes
# Extend the virtual memory beyond the installed physical memory (RAM) to avoid [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out_of_memory Out of memory] condition
# Suspend-to-disk or Hibernation support

Below Instructions explain how to use a seperate partition for swap:

The following commands prepares the unmounted partition (/dev/sda2) for swap space, activates the prepared swap space and starts the swap service to manage swap space immediately:

# mkswap /dev/sda2
# swapon /dev/sda2
# rc-service swap start

The command {{Codeline|free -m}} will show how much swap space is available (in MB).

To make the swap persistent across reboots, enable automatic start of swap:

# echo -e "/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0" >> /mnt/etc/fstab
# rc-update add swap

If you prefer maximum speed, you don't need configure any raid devices for swap. Just add 2 swap partitions on different disks and linux will stripe them automatically. The downside is that the moment one disk fails, the system will go down. For better reliability, put swap on RAID1.

{{Tip|Instead of using a separate partition for swap, [[Zram|zram]] based swap file can be used.}}

== Encrypted swap ==
The below steps explains the steps to enable crypt-swap or Encrypted swap parition.

Edit the file {{Path|/etc/conf.d/dmcrypt}} to enable crypt-swap. '''Ensure that source device name is correct.''' :
{{Cat|/etc/conf.d/dmcrypt|
swap{{=}}crypt-swap
source{{=}}'/dev/nvme0nXXX'
}}

To use dmcrypt, start dmcrypt service and enable swap immediately:

# /etc/init.d/dmcrypt start
# swapon /dev/mapper/crypt-swap

To make the encrypted swap persistent across reboots, enable automatic start of encryption & swap:

# rc-update add dmcrypt
# rc-update add swap

To enable automatic swapon, add the relevant entry to {{Path|/etc/fstab}}

{{Cmd|# echo /dev/mapper/crypt-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab}}

{{Note|The above instructions will reset/re-encrypt swap on every boot and thus no suspend to disk works with it.}}

== See Also ==

* [https://www.nico.schottelius.org/blog/2024-10-10-how-to-enable-encrypted-swap-in-alpine-linux/ How to enable encrypted swap in Alpine Linux]

[[Category:Storage]]
[[Category:Installation]]
[[Category:Filesystems]]

Desktop environments and Window managers

2025-02-09T13:45:27Z

Aerphanas: /* Window managers */ add berry, cwm, jwm, mwm

{{TOC right}}


'''Alpine Linux''' has no official desktop and setting up a graphical environment is not even part of [[Installation]]. All window managers and desktop environments that are available in Alpine Linux are listed in this page. Quick installation using [[Alpine_setup_scripts#setup-desktop|setup-desktop]] script is available for few [[Setup-desktop|desktops]].

{{Tip|For servers consider using [[Alpine_Configuration_Framework_Design#Starting_ACF|Alpine Configuration Framework(ACF)]] for security reasons.}}

== Desktop environments ==

Desktop environment (DE) is made of a bundle of programs that share a common graphical user interface (GUI), sometimes described as a graphical shell. A desktop environment typically consists of icons, windows, toolbars, folders, wallpapers desktop widgets and might also provide drag and drop.
* [[Xfce]]
* [[LXQt]]
* [[KDE|KDE Plasma]]
* [[GNOME]]
* [[MATE]]

== Window managers ==

A window manager is software that controls the placement and appearance of windows within a windowing system in a graphical user interface. Almost all components of a desktop needs to be added manually by the user. A [[Alpine_Linux:Glossary#S|stacking]] a.k.a. floating or [[Alpine_Linux:Glossary#T|tiling]] a.k.a. dynamic layout is commonly used for window management.

{|class="wikitable sortable" align="center" style="width:100%; border:1px #0771a6 solid; background:#f9f9f9; text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse;"
! WM Name !! Protocol!! Style !! Toolkit!!class="unsortable"|Inspiration
|-
| [[AwesomeWM|Awesome]] ||X11 || Tiling || Lua ||
|-
| {{Pkg|berry|arch=}} || X11 || Stacking || C ||
|-
| {{Pkg|bspwm|arch=}} || X11 || Tiling || C ||
|-
| {{Pkg|cage |arch=}} || Wayland || Kiosk || C/wlroots || ratpoison
|-
| {{Pkg|cagebreak|arch=}} || Wayland || Tiling ||C/wlroots || ratpoison and cage
|-
| {{Pkg|cwm|arch=}} || X11 || Stacking || C ||
|-
| {{Pkg|dwl|arch=}} || Wayland || Tiling || C/wlroots||[[dwm]]
|-
| [[dwm]] || X11 || Tiling || C ||
|-
| [[Fluxbox]] || X11 || Stacking || C++ ||Blackbox
|-
| {{Pkg|herbstluftwm|arch=}} || X11 || Tiling || C++ ||
|-
| [[Hyprland]] || Wayland || Tiling || C++ ||
|-
| [[I3wm|i3]] || X11 || Tiling || C ||
|-
| {{Pkg|jwm|arch=}} || X11 || Stacking || C ||
|-
| [[LabWC]] || Wayland || Stacking || C/wlroots||[[Openbox]]
|-
| {{Pkg|mwm|arch=}} || X11 || Stacking || C ||
|-
| [[Openbox]] || X11 || Stacking || C ||
|-
| [[Qtile]] || Both || Tiling || Python ||
|-
| {{Pkg|ratpoison|arch=}} || X11 || Kiosk || C ||
|-
| [[River]] || Wayland || Tiling || Zig || [[dwm]] and xmonad
|-
| {{Pkg|spectrwm |arch=}} || X11 || Tiling || C||xmonad and [[dwm]]
|-
| [[Sway]] || Wayland || Tiling || C/wlroots || [[I3wm|i3]]
|-
| [[twm]] || X11 || Tiling || C ||
|-
| {{Pkg|wayfire|arch=}} || Wayland || Stacking || C++/wlroots || Compiz
|-
| [[Weston]] || Wayland || Stacking || C ||
|}

== See also ==
* [[Installation#Post-Installation|Post Installation]]
* [[Wayland]]
* [[Xorg]]
* [[Display manager]]
* [https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Desktop_environment Desktop environment - Archwiki]
* [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Desktop_environment Desktop environment - Gentoo Wiki]

[[Category:Desktop]]
[[Category:Desktop Environments]]
[[Category:Window Managers]]
[[Category:Compositor]]